Micropropagation of globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from underground dormant buds (“ovoli”)

Iapichino, Giovanni

doi:10.1007/bf02822695

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In order to improve in vitro artichoke rooting, various investigations were done on the use of different types and concentrations of growth regulators [26,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36], the addition of supplements such as activated charcoal [36][37][38], cyclodextrin [39], or pretreatments (darkness, two-phase) [30] have been carried out. In the present research, such as already tested in several different artichoke genotypes [9,19,40,41], the addition of IAA at high concentration (10 mg L −1 ), in combination with the increase in sucrose concentration from 20 to 30 g L −1 allowed us to achieve a satisfactory percentage of rooting and a root system characterized by a strong root length of 4.5 cm at the moment of plantlet transplanting into greenhouse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micropropagation Supports Reintroduction of an Apulian Artichoke Landrace in Sustainable Cropping Systems

Ancona

Mastro

Jenderek³

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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Artichoke (Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus (L.) Fiori) is a perennial plant of the Asteraceae’s family native to the Mediterranean basin. Italy has rich artichoke biodiversity, but many landraces are subjected to genetic erosion caused by increasing use of commercial varieties that are more homogenous in production. An Apulian landrace ‘Troianella’ was established in vitro to valorize and provide high-quality material for propagation in nurseries and, subsequently, for cultivation in production fields. The shoot proliferation was tested on four different growth media, adding cytokinin (-6-benzylamminopurine (BAP-0.05 mg L−1). Among these, the best results were achieved on MS519-A and BM media in which MS macronutrients were supplemented with additional doses of CaCl2 and MgSO4 (plus 120 mg L−1 and 190 mg L−1, respectively). In vitro root induction was obtained with 10 mg L-1 of Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 30 g L−1 of sucrose. Plants derived from tissue culture were acclimatized in greenhouse using mycorrhizal symbiosis to increase survival during the acclimatization phase and to improve their performance after transplanting in field. Three arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (Septoglomus viscosum, Funelliformis mosseae, and Symbivit, a commercial mix) were added to a sterile substrate and compared to a sterile control without any AM fungal inocula. After 3 months, the best growth and plant appearance were on substrates with S. viscosum fungus or the commercial mycorrhizal fungi mix. The results supported a development of an efficient micropropagation protocol and a production of high quality plant material for sustainable farming of the endangered ’Troianella’ landrace.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micropropagation Supports Reintroduction of an Apulian Artichoke Landrace in Sustainable Cropping Systems

Ancona

Mastro

Jenderek³

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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“…In this short phase, Terom shoots showed the initial highest rooting ability (15.83%). According to some studies [14,20,31], phenotypic features and the quality of in vitro shoots is key to the success of the rooting phase. Since some cultivars in the proliferation phase presented changes in shoot leaf morphology, and hyperhydricity, it was necessary to remedy this situation with a pre-rooting phase.…”

Section: Rooting Phase and Acclimatization Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Plant tissue cultures from four Tuscan globe artichoke cultivars

et al. 2012

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The aim of the study was to examine the possibility of propagating in vitro four of the most common cultivars in Tuscany (central Italy): Terom, Violetto di Toscana, Chiusure and Empolese. The first three belong to the “Violetti” group, while cv Empolese belongs to the “Romaneschi” group. Explants were cultured on an induction medium (IM), which is a modified MS medium consisting of nitrate concentrations reduced by one quarter, 0.8 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and 0.2 mg L−1 3-indole butyric acid (IBA). Explants were then transferred to a proliferation medium (PM) consisting of the same basal medium together with 0.03 mg L−1 BA and 0.05 mg L−1 gibberellic acid (GA3). A rooting double-phase was then established. The pre-rooting medium (PRM), consisting of a basal MS medium with half strength nitrate concentrations, 0.5 mg L−1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 1 mg L−1 paclobutrazol (PBZ) was used for two weeks. Over the next four weeks, a rooting medium (MR) was used, consisting of a basal MS medium with 2 mg L−1 β-cyclodextrin and 2 mg L−1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid sodium salt (NAA). The cv Empolese provided the highest number of proliferated explants and rooted plantlets using the method described.

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“…Tetsumura et al [12] also observed that a reduction in the strength of MS medium resulted in the increase of in vitro shoot and root formation from highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum and V. virgatum). Other researchers have also reported the beneficial effect of a reduction of the strength of the culture medium on the in vitro initiation of roots of plant species such as rose [13] and globe artichoke [14][15][16]. Patel and Shah [17] reported that root number and root length of Stevia rebaudiana plant cultures were significantly influenced by the strength of MS medium (¼ MS, ½ MS and full strength MS) and treatment combinations of IBA, NAA and BAP.…”

Section: Effect Of the Medium Strength On Shoot And Root Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Strength of Medium on Organogenesis, Phenolic Accumulation and Antioxidant Activity of Spearmint (Mentha spicata l.)

Fadel¹,

Kintzios

Economou³

et al. 2010

TOHORTJ

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We investigated the effect of inorganic salt concentration on the in vitro organogenesis of spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) by using Murashige and Skoog culture medium of different strength (full, half-and quarter strength). The highest number of shoots and roots induced per explant (3.5 and 10, respectively), as well as the maximum average shoot length (16 cm) was observed on half strength medium. The maximum leaf number (35 per explant) and average root length (7 cm) were associated with regeneration on full medium. The highest average phenolic content was observed on shoot extracts (7.20 mg/g f.w.) and root extracts (5.93 mg/g f.w.) cultured onto quarter and half strength medium, respectively. The strength of the culture medium was inversely correlated with the antioxidant activity of plant extracts. Therefore, for spearmint organogenesis, half strength MS medium offers a compromise between optimum growth in vitro and antioxidant phenolic accumulation.

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Micropropagation of globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) from underground dormant buds (“ovoli”)

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

Micropropagation Supports Reintroduction of an Apulian Artichoke Landrace in Sustainable Cropping Systems

Micropropagation Supports Reintroduction of an Apulian Artichoke Landrace in Sustainable Cropping Systems

Plant tissue cultures from four Tuscan globe artichoke cultivars

Effect of Different Strength of Medium on Organogenesis, Phenolic Accumulation and Antioxidant Activity of Spearmint (Mentha spicata l.)

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