1986
DOI: 10.1007/bf00369463
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Microporous membranes in biotechnical application

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Cited by 15 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…Backwash is commonly used with polymer MF/ UF filters due to their lower pressure limitations [4,17] compared with inorganic MF/UF filters where back pulsing is used [3]. In back pulsing, periodic counter pressure is applied, typically in a fraction of a second (0.1À0.5 seconds), while generating high permeate backpressure (up to 10 bar).…”
Section: Minimization Of Flux Decline With Backpulse or Backwashmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Backwash is commonly used with polymer MF/ UF filters due to their lower pressure limitations [4,17] compared with inorganic MF/UF filters where back pulsing is used [3]. In back pulsing, periodic counter pressure is applied, typically in a fraction of a second (0.1À0.5 seconds), while generating high permeate backpressure (up to 10 bar).…”
Section: Minimization Of Flux Decline With Backpulse or Backwashmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…W wyniku działania naprężeń ścinających na powierzchni membrany tworzy się jedy nie cienka warstwa szczątkowego osadu. W ustalonych warunkach procesu grubość warstwy stabilizuje się i zależy od prędkości przepływu zawiesiny nad membraną, konstrukcji aparatu, nadciśnienia w aparacie i właściwości substancji (1,2,3,4,5). Po ustabilizowaniu się grubości warstwy szczątkowej uzyskuje się warunki zapewniające stałą szybkość filtracji, co odróżnia w sposób zasadniczy metodę dynamiczną od metody filtracji osadowej.…”
Section: Filtracja Dynamiczna W Biotechnologiiunclassified
“…Additionally, nanoscale Kirkendall voids enable great control of their size and position by manipulating temperature or multilayer structure and thickness . However, challenges still remains for the formation of controllable void size over 100 nm in planar films that are essential for various applications, for instance, optical devices including light extraction layer for organic light emitting devices (OLEDs), absorption enhancement film for photovolotics and functional devices for biological and chemical process because thermal diffusion of atoms in metal oxide such as ZnO has limits in their transport length in nanometer scale . Some diffusion enhancement strategies have been explored to obtain sizable voids of submicrometer scale, including applying electric field, introducing dopants to core species (e.g., Al in ZnO), or adopting structural stress …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%