Microplastic in two South Carolina Estuaries: Occurrence, distribution, and composition

Gray, Austin D.; Wertz, Hope; Leads, Rachel R.; Weinstein, John E.

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.01.030

Cited by 253 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…In the present study, grass shrimp were exposed to microplastic particle types that commonly accumulate in the local environment. Microplastic particle types present in the Charleston Harbor estuary include polyethylene spheres, polypropylene fragments, tire fragments, and polyester fibers, the majority of which are 63 to 150 µm (Wertz ; Gray et al ; Yu et al ; Leads and Weinstein ). In the present study, sediment, polyethylene spheres, polypropylene fragments, tire fragments, and polyester fibers were not acutely toxic to grass shrimp at the concentration (50 000 particles/L) and size fraction (63–150 µm) tested.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Microplastic Ingestion on Survival of the Grass Shrimp Palaemonetes pugio (Holthuis, 1949) Challenged with Vibrio campbellii

Leads

Burnett

Weinstein

2019

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Recent research indicates that microplastic (<5 mm) ingestion may impact the immune function of marine and aquatic organisms at the tissue and cellular levels; however, their susceptibility to disease following exposure has not been directly investigated. The objective of the present study was to directly evaluate the impact of microplastic ingestion on the susceptibility of the grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio to bacterial infection with Vibrio campbellii. Grass shrimp were exposed to one of several particle treatments (natural sediment, polyethylene spheres, polypropylene fragments, tire fragments, and polyester fibers) or particle‐free water for 96 h at a nominal concentration of 50 000 particles/L prior to a bacterial challenge with V. campbellii. No significant mortality was observed among any of the particle types during the 96‐h particle exposure. The survival of grass shrimp following V. campbellii challenge did not vary significantly among shrimp exposed to particle‐free water, sediment, polyethylene spheres, polypropylene fragments, tire fragments, and polyester fibers. Grass shrimp cleared the majority of ingested particles and all the ventilated particles within 48 h. The present study shows that microplastic ingestion did not alter the susceptibility of grass shrimp to bacterial infection, and also provides depuration rates for a variety of microplastic shapes and polymer types that were previously lacking. This information increases our understanding of the size‐ and shape‐dependent effects of microplastic ingestion. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2233–2242. © 2019 SETAC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Microplastic Ingestion on Survival of the Grass Shrimp Palaemonetes pugio (Holthuis, 1949) Challenged with Vibrio campbellii

Leads

Burnett

Weinstein

2019

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Surface water and sediment samples were collected using a previously reported method with some modifications [ 11 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Briefly, in the sampling of surface water, thirty liter surface water samples (0–30 cm in depth) were collected by a pre-cleaned large flow sampler (KLL-S4, SEBA, Kaufbeuren, Germany).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastics in Sediment and Surface Water of West Dongting Lake and South Dongting Lake: Abundance, Source and Composition

Jiang

Yin

Wen

et al. 2018

IJERPH

139

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Microplastic pollution was investigated in sediment and surface water in West Dongting Lake and South Dongting Lake for the first time. The abundance of microplastics ranged from 616.67 to 2216.67 items/m3 and 716.67 to 2316.67 items/m3 in the lakeshore surface water of West Dongting Lake and South Dongting Lake, respectively. The highest levels of microplastic pollution were found in the lakes’ outlets. In the lake center sites of the West Dongting Lake and South Dongting Lake, the abundance of microplastics ranged from 433.33 to 1500 items/m3 and 366.67 to 1566.67 items/m3, respectively. Meanwhile, the study found that in lakeshore sediment of West Dongting Lake and South Dongting Lake, microplastic concentrations ranged from 320 to 480 items/m3 and 200–1150 items/m3. Polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) were most common in the surface water and sediment samples, respectively. In addition, we suggest that the effects of polymer types in microplastics should be taken into account when considering abundance. This study can provide valuable points of reference to better understanding microplastic pollution in inland freshwater areas.

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“…While the presence of microplastics in estuaries has been documented (Gray et al, ; Pazos et al, ; Yonkos et al, ; Zhao et al, ), our understanding of their distributions and processes remains limited. However, it is likely that principles gleaned from studies of naturally occurring particulates of comparable densities are applicable, especially as microplastics weather and accumulate biofilms.…”

Section: Microplastics In Freshwatersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Global Perspective on Microplastics

Hale¹,

Seeley²,

Guardia³

et al. 2020

JGR Oceans

647

270

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Society has become increasingly reliant on plastics since commercial production began in about 1950. Their versatility, stability, light weight, and low production costs have fueled global demand. Most plastics are initially used and discarded on land. Nonetheless, the amount of microplastics in some oceanic compartments is predicted to double by 2030. To solve this global problem, we must understand plastic composition, physical forms, uses, transport, and fragmentation into microplastics (and nanoplastics). Plastic debris/microplastics arise from land disposal, wastewater treatment, tire wear, paint failure, textile washing, and at-sea losses. Riverine and atmospheric transport, storm water, and disasters facilitate releases. In surface waters plastics/microplastics weather, biofoul, aggregate, and sink, are ingested by organisms and redistributed by currents. Ocean sediments are likely the ultimate destination. Plastics release additives, concentrate environmental contaminants, and serve as substrates for biofilms, including exotic and pathogenic species. Microplastic abundance increases as fragment size decreases, as does the proportion of organisms capable of ingesting them. Particles <20 μm may penetrate cell membranes, exacerbating risks. Exposure can compromise feeding, metabolic processes, reproduction, and behavior. But more investigation is required to draw definitive conclusions. Human ingestion of contaminated seafood and water is a concern. Microplastics indoors present yet uncharacterized risks, magnified by the time we spend inside (>90%) and the abundance of polymeric products therein. Scientific challenges include improving microplastic sampling and characterization approaches, understanding long-term behavior, additive bioavailability, and organismal and ecosystem health risks. Solutions include improving globally based pollution prevention, developing degradable polymers and additives, and reducing consumption/expanding plastic reuse.

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Microplastic in two South Carolina Estuaries: Occurrence, distribution, and composition

Cited by 253 publications

References 40 publications

The Effect of Microplastic Ingestion on Survival of the Grass Shrimp Palaemonetes pugio (Holthuis, 1949) Challenged with Vibrio campbellii

The Effect of Microplastic Ingestion on Survival of the Grass Shrimp Palaemonetes pugio (Holthuis, 1949) Challenged with Vibrio campbellii

Microplastics in Sediment and Surface Water of West Dongting Lake and South Dongting Lake: Abundance, Source and Composition

A Global Perspective on Microplastics

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