Microplasma discharge in ethanol solution: Characterization and its application to the synthesis of carbon microstructures

Chen, Qiang; Kitamura, Takaya; Saito, Kenji; Haruta, Koji; Yamano, Yasushi; Ishikawa, Tatsuo; Shirai, Hajime

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2007.10.052

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Stimulated by the unique poperties and a great number of potential applications of novel carbon-related NMs, the simple method of discharge plasma in liquid was used in many experiments in last decades, by just modifying some part of the prototype, successes have been made in producing MWCNTs [280][281][282][283], carbon onions [52,[284][285][286], carbon nano horns [287,288], carbon NPs [117,118,[289][290][291][292][293][294][295], and graphene nanosheets [117,[296][297][298][299]. One example of these fabrications is presented in Fig.…”

Section: Novel Carbon-related Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of plasma–liquid interactions for nanomaterial synthesis

Chen¹,

Li²,

Li³

2015

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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303

225

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Over the past decades, a new branch of plasma research, the nanomaterial (NM) synthesis by plasma-liquid interactions (PLIs), is rapidly rising, mainly due to the recently developed various plasma sources operated from low to atmospheric pressures. The PLIs provide novel plasma-liquid interfaces where many physical and chemical processes take place. By exploiting these physical and chemical processes, various NMs ranging from noble metal nanoparticles to graphene nanosheets can be easily synthesized. The currently rapid development and increasingly wide utilization of the PLI method naturally lead to an urgent requirement for presenting a general review. This paper reviews the current status of research on plasma-liquid 2 interactions for nanomaterial syntheses. Focus is on the comprehensive understanding of the synthesis process and perceptive opinions on the present issues and future challenges in this subject.

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Section: Novel Carbon-related Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of plasma–liquid interactions for nanomaterial synthesis

Chen¹,

Li²,

Li³

2015

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

Self Cite

303

225

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“…In a similar vein, dual plasma electrolysis (shown in Figure 1(i-8)) has also been reported. In the case of i-9 and i-10, the nozzle was directly inserted to the liquid [68][69][70]. Since glow discharge generated in contact with a flowing liquid cathode (shown in Figure 1(i-11)) has a small cell size, this setup is used for compact elemental analysis of liquid by optical emission spectrometry [71][72][73][74][75].…”

Section: Gas Discharge Between An Electrode and The Electrolyte Surfamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(i-9) Plasma in and in contact with liquids [68,69]. (i-10) Microplasma discharge [70]. (i-11) Glow discharge generated in contact with a flowing liquid cathode [71][72][73][74][75].…”

Section: Gas Discharge Between An Electrode and The Electrolyte Surfamentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterial Synthesis Using Plasma Generation in Liquid

Saito

Akiyama

2015

Journal of Nanomaterials

161

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Over the past few decades, the research field of nanomaterials (NMs) has developed rapidly because of the unique electrical, optical, magnetic, and catalytic properties of these materials. Among the various methods available today for NM synthesis, techniques for plasma generation in liquid are relatively new. Various types of plasma such as arc discharge and glow discharge can be applied to produce metal, alloy, oxide, inorganic, carbonaceous, and composite NMs. Many experimental setups have been reported, in which various parameters such as the liquid, electrode material, electrode configuration, and electric power source are varied. By examining the various electrode configurations and power sources available in the literature, this review classifies all available plasma in liquid setups into four main groups: (i) gas discharge between an electrode and the electrolyte surface, (ii) direct discharge between two electrodes, (iii) contact discharge between an electrode and the surface of surrounding electrolyte, and (iv) radio frequency and microwave plasma in liquid. After discussion of the techniques, NMs of metal, alloy, oxide, silicon, carbon, and composite produced by techniques for plasma generation in liquid are presented, where the source materials, reaction media, and electrode configurations are discussed in detail.

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“…At the interface of plasma and the organic solvent, polymerization is induced by radicals rather than ions6. Under a plasma condition, methanol21, ethanol102223, and other saturated aliphatic organic compounds form less stable radical species and polymerization is not favorable. In contrast, organic compounds with either unsaturated or high-energy functional groups (e.g., C = C, C = N, and C≡N) form stable free-radical monomers and initiate the polymerization reaction2425.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Submerged Liquid Plasma for the Synthesis of Unconventional Nitrogen Polymers

Senthilnathan

Weng

Liao

et al. 2013

Sci Rep

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Glow discharge polymerization is not well understood due to the rapid/complex reaction at the plasma/gas precursor interface. Plasma reaction in a submerged condition allows post-plasma-polymerization, leading to further polymer growth and thus a stable structure. Electron collision with acetonitrile at the interface initiates the formation of radical monomers, which undergoes further rearrangement to form low-molecular (LM) nitrogen polymers (NPs). The radical-rich LM NPs go through further polymerization, forming stable high-molecular (HM) NPs (as determined using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry). LM NPs absorb light at a wavelength of 270 nm (λ max) whereas HM NPs show absorption at 420 nm (λ max), as determined from ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra. The fluorescence spectra of HM NPs show characteristic emission at 430 nm, which indicates the presence of nitrogen functional groups with external conjugation. The proposed structure of HM NPs is verified with different analytical instruments.

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Microplasma discharge in ethanol solution: Characterization and its application to the synthesis of carbon microstructures

Cited by 21 publications

References 14 publications

A review of plasma–liquid interactions for nanomaterial synthesis

A review of plasma–liquid interactions for nanomaterial synthesis

Nanomaterial Synthesis Using Plasma Generation in Liquid

Submerged Liquid Plasma for the Synthesis of Unconventional Nitrogen Polymers

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