Microparticle increase in severe obesity: Not related to metabolic syndrome and unchanged after massive weight loss

Abstract

Objective: To clarify the relationships between circulating microparticles (MPs), leukocyte-platelet aggregates (LPAs), obesity, and metabolic abnormalities and evaluate the effect of losing weight on these parameters. Design and Methods: In 151 severely obese women and 60 lean controls, total MPs (annexin-V positive), platelet (annexin V/CD41þ) and endothelial (CD31þ/CD41À) MPs, and LPAs using flow cytometry, and the presence of metabolic syndrome (MS) were assessed. The effect of weight loss was studied in 32 subjects after a 1 year follow-up. Results: Total microparticle count, platelet MPs (PMPs) and endothelial MPs (EMPs), and neutrophil-platelet aggregates were significantly increased in obese subjects versus lean controls, independently of the MS. Within obese subjects, there was no significant difference between those having and those not having MS. MPs and LPA counts did not vary significantly in subjects who lost 25% of their excess weight. Conclusions: PMPs and EMPs, and LPAs are associated with obesity independently of metabolic abnormalities, but do not significantly change after massive weight loss. Further studies are needed to evaluate the prognostic significance of these observations, as beneficial effects of MPs are currently reported in addition to their initially described deleterious effects.

Microvesicles and exosomes: new players in metabolic and cardiovascular disease

“…Levels are further increased in those with microvascular complications (Omoto et al 1999, Ogata et al 2006, or secondary macrovascular CVD, including atherosclerosis (Diamant et al 2002). Increased numbers of MV have also been linked to obesity (Stepanian et al 2013). Interestingly, a significant reduction in MV numbers has been described after calorific restriction or bariatric surgery in these patients (Cheng et al 2013).…”

Influence of a low-carbohydrate diet on endothelial microvesicles in overweight women

“…Reductions in 11 soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM-1), soluble E-selectin and soluble P-12 selectin, (Davis et al, 2011;Keogh et al, 2008;Sharman & Volek, 2004;Wycherley et 13 al., 2009) been demonstrated following LCD interventions, but not soluble vascular cell 14 adhesion molecule (sVCAM-1) (Wycherley et al, 2009). Although elevated in the obese 15 state (Stepanian et al, 2013), EMV have not been widely employed in dietary 16 intervention research. Following bariatric surgery-induced weight loss however, one 17 study reported a reduction in EMV (Cheng et al, 2013) and another no change 18 (Stepanian et al, 2013).…”

“…Although elevated in the obese 15 state (Stepanian et al, 2013), EMV have not been widely employed in dietary 16 intervention research. Following bariatric surgery-induced weight loss however, one 17 study reported a reduction in EMV (Cheng et al, 2013) and another no change 18 (Stepanian et al, 2013). 19 20 The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of a 24-week LCD on 21 cardiovascular risk profile determined from changes in EMV and other endothelial-22 D r a f t 6 inflammatory biomarkers.…”

Impaired Phenotype of Circulating Endothelial-Derived Microparticles: Novel Marker of Cardiovascular Risk

“…CVD risk patients with overweight/obesity, diabetes, insulin resistance demonstrate impaired inflammatory state and endothelial microvascular function, hypercoagulation, increased arterial stiffness associated with elevated endothelial-derived MPs labeled as CD31+/CD42+, CD31+/CD41-, CD31+/CD62+, and CD144+/CD146+ [53][54][55][56] . Surprisingly, elevation of MPs endothelial origin was associated with obesity independently of metabolic abnormalities [57] and the prognostic significance of these findings are required further studies. Overall, optimal pool of MPs cells identified using combinations of antigenic markers that reflects imbalance in vascular tone enhances and severity of endothelial dysfunction is not determined.…”