Microorganisms in recurrent aphthous ulcerations

Donatsky, O.; Justesen, T.; Lind, K.; Vestergaard, Bent Faber

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1977.tb00576.x

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, serum levels of IFN‐ γ which tend to rise in viral infections, are not increased in RAS (Hooks et al , 1979). HSV has not been successfully isolated from lesional material (Donatsky et al , 1977; Rothe et al , 1978), only about a third of RAS patients are HSV seropositive (Ship et al , 1967), and HSV is rarely detected in lesional tissue by PCR (Studd et al , 1991).…”

Section: Microbial Aspects Of Rasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Number VI Recurrent aphthous stomatitis

et al. 2005

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Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS; aphthae; canker sores) is a common condition which is characterized by multiple recurrent small, round or ovoid ulcers with circumscribed margins, erythematous haloes, and yellow or grey floors typically presenting first in childhood or adolescence. RAS occurs worldwide although it appears most common in the developed world. The aetiology of RAS is not entirely clear. Despite many studies trying to identify a causal microorganism, RAS does not appear to be infectious. A genetic predisposition is present, as shown by strong associations with genotypes of IL-1beta; IL-6 in RAS patients, and a positive family history in about one-third of patients with RAS. Haematinic deficiency is found in up to 20% of patients. Cessation of smoking may precipitate or exacerbate RAS in some cases. Ulcers similar to RAS may be seen in human immunodeficiency virus disease and some other immune defects, and drugs, especially non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and nicorandil may produce lesions clinically similar to RAS. Topical corticosteroids can often control RAS. However, the treatment of RAS remains unsatisfactory, as most therapies only reduce the severity of the ulceration and do not stop recurrence.

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Section: Microbial Aspects Of Rasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Number VI Recurrent aphthous stomatitis

et al. 2005

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“…A hypothesis has been suggested that aphthous ulcers are caused by reactivation of a latent virus, probably within the herpes family (16). Approximately one‐third of all RAS patients have a positive anti‐herpes simplex virus (HSV) antibody titer (17), however, HSV antigen has not been found in smears and biopsy specimens from RAS patients (18). Viruses such as herpes simplex, varicella zoster (19), adenoviruses, and others (20), as well as bacteria, mainly the L‐form streptococcal bacteria— Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus mitis [isolated by Graykowski et al in 1966 (21) from the oral ulcers of RAS]—could have a possible link to RAS.…”

Section: Predisposing Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aphthous ulcerations

2002

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Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a chronic condition, usually with a childhood or adolescent onset and with a tendency to diminish in frequency and severity with age. Most patients are otherwise healthy. The differential diagnosis for “aphthae” includes vesiculobullous diseases, granulomas, and even squamous cell carcinomas. The onset of aphthous‐like lesions in adults suggests the possibility of developing a more complex systemic disorder such as Behcet's syndrome or inflammatory bowel disease. Treatment includes correction of underlying diseases or predisposing causes, and the use of topical and systemic anti‐inflammatory agents or immunomodulating drugs.

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“…In contrast to previous studies, in which the microbiota was sampled in the ulcerative lesion (12, 13) we focused on the microbiota of the non-inflamed buccal mucosa in patients with RAS. Patients with or without ulcerations at the time of sampling were included, to determine whether the microbiota changes in relation to disease activity.…”

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The oral microbiota of patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Bankvall

Sjöberg

Gale

et al. 2014

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Background: Specific pathogenic bacteria have been implicated in recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), a chronic inflammatory condition characterised by ulcerations in the oral mucosa. However, the aetiology behind this condition still remains unclear. Objective: The buccal microbiota of patients with RAS was compared to that of control subjects to investigate its potential role for this condition. Design: Buccal swabs were obtained from non-ulcerative areas of 60 patients, of whom 42 patients had lesions at the time of sampling, and 60 healthy age-and gender-matched controls. Bacterial DNA was extracted and analysed by Terminal-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism, using enzymatic digestion of the polymerase chain reactionamplified 16S rRNA gene, yielding a series of peaks, each representing a bacterial taxon. Results: Two peaks, 60 and 489, were more prevalent in patients with RAS than controls. Conversely, peaks 58 and 490 were less common in patients than controls. When the patients were divided into subgroups, we found that the observed differences in peak-pattern were related to the presence of lesions during sampling. Conclusions: The microbiota of the non-inflamed buccal mucosa differed between patients and controls. The differences were most pronounced in patients who presented with lesions during sampling, suggesting that a disturbance in the normal buccal microbiota triggers the presence of lesions or that presence of lesions alters the microbiota.

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Microorganisms in recurrent aphthous ulcerations

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Number VI Recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Number VI Recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Aphthous ulcerations

The oral microbiota of patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis

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