Microorganisms in ballast water: Disinfection, community dynamics, and implications for management

Hess-Erga, Ole Kristian; Moreno-Andrés, Javier; Enger, Øivind; Vadstein, Ôlav

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.004

Cited by 85 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…In this scenario, a high abundance of microorganisms (including those below 10 µm in size) has been demonstrated in ballast waters and may have a significant impact on the receiving environment. Consequently, this fact should, perhaps, be taken into account in the discharge standards [9]. Additionally, it has also been demonstrated that the abiotic factors in ballast waters and receiving environments can vary widely and organisms in ballast waters are not fully decay by these abiotic factors [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These ports, servicing both inland waterways and oceanic shipping, are prone to inoculations of trans-oceanic biota and may, occasionally, promote a secondary spread of alien biota upstream. In this way, if the viable numbers of planktonic species are becoming resistant under variable abiotic conditions and are potentially discharged in these anthropogenic modified ecosystems, they might be more suitable to develop in these port areas, which are suitable scenarios for opportunistic species [9]. For instance, brackish-water macroinvertebrates are often introduced from ballast water to estuaries or coastal waters [19].…”

Section: The Suitability Of An Estuarine Environment To Host Non-native Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another example is the prymesiphyte, Prymnesium sp., it is a euryhaline microalga, which is listed on the IOC-UNESCO Taxonomic Reference List of Harmful Microalgae and has also been linked to Among the different ways that NIS species are introduced, ballast water has been considered one of the main vectors. These introductions might be facilitated due to the small pre-adult sizes (such as larval stages) and the particular risk of such transfers in ballast has been denoted for microorganisms [9,10]. In 2004, The International Maritime Organization (IMO) published the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments (BWMC) that came into force in the year 2017.…”

Section: The Suitability Of An Estuarine Environment To Host Non-native Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anthropogenic Modifications to Estuaries Facilitate the Invasion of Non-Native Species

González‐Ortegón

Moreno-Andrés

2021

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New observations of non-indigenous species (NIS) in coastal waters, such as the Gulf of Cadiz (Spain) have increased since 1980 and more or less exponentially in the last five years. Ballast water has become the most significant pathway for unintentional introductions of NIS into marine ecosystems. For example, the marine larvae of crustacean decapods that inhabit the water column could be transported in ballast water. Although elevated concentrations of metals are toxic to many marine organisms, some of them have evolved effective detoxification, or avoidance mechanisms making it possible to consider they have a superior ability to withstand exposures to these toxicants. In this text, we try to reinforce the hypothesis that anthropogenic modifications (such as chemical alterations and modified environments) benefit NIS with broad environmental tolerances. Taking these risks into account, a reinforcement of efficient Ballast Water Management Systems to respond to today’s challenging environmental conditions is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Suitability Of An Estuarine Environment To Host Non-native Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Suitability Of An Estuarine Environment To Host Non-native Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Anthropogenic Modifications to Estuaries Facilitate the Invasion of Non-Native Species

González‐Ortegón

Moreno-Andrés

2021

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“…For high risk international vessels or vessels from regions with different biosecurity conditions, additional measures to the physical separation of captured debris alone include, but are not limited to, treatment using biocides, UV radiation, or heat to render propagules non-viable (Table 5), or direct disposal of the liquid effluent into municipal sewerage where permitted . Pre-filtration to reduce the particulate and organic material present is still required to improve the treatment efficacy of UV, ozone, or oxidants (Chahal et al, 2016;Hess-Erga et al, 2019). Depending on the treatment purpose, pre-filtration recommendations vary between 7 µm (Fraser et al, 2006), 20 µm (Sassi et al, 2005), and 50 µm (Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry [DAFF], 2008).…”

Section: Additional Effluent Treatment Options For Reactive In-water Cleaningmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Vessel Biofouling in the Translocation of Marine Pathogens: Management Considerations and Challenges

Georgiades

Scianni²,

Davidson

et al. 2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Vessel biofouling is a major pathway for the introduction, establishment, and subsequent spread of marine non-indigenous macro-organisms. As a result, national and international regulations and guidelines have been implemented to manage the risks associated with this pathway, yet widespread enforcement and uptake are still in their infancy. By comparison, translocation of marine pathogens by vessel biofouling has received little attention despite a mounting body of evidence highlighting the potential importance of this pathway. Using molluscan pathogens as a model, this paper examines the potential for translocation of marine pathogens via the vessel biofouling pathway by reviewing: (1) examples where vessel biofouling is suspected to be the source pathway of non-indigenous pathogen introduction to new areas, and (2) the association between pathogens known to have detrimental effects on wild and farmed mollusk populations with species known to foul vessels and anthropogenic structures. The available evidence indicates that vessel biofouling is a viable and important pathway for translocating marine pathogens, presenting a risk to marine values (i.e., environmental, economic, social, and cultural). While preventive measures to minimize the translocation of macro-organisms are the most efficient way to minimize the likelihood of associated pathogen translocation, the application of reactive management measures to biofouled vessels, including post-filtration treatment, requires further and explicit consideration.

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“…Examples of uncontrolled spreading of fecund organisms into new habitats are abound, but we have no room to fully discuss them here (Albins and Hixon 2013; Hess-Erga et al . 2019). As in any colonization scenario, the most extreme conditions must be achieved by confronting and harnessing dangerous, unknown habitats, which can possibly be transformed for the survival of Earth-sourced organisms.…”

Section: Differentiating Space Exploration From Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inevitable future: space colonization beyond Earth with microbes first

Lopez

Peixoto

Rosado

2019

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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Based on modern microbiology, we propose a major revision in current space exploration philosophy and planetary protection policy, especially regarding microorganisms in space. Mainly, microbial introduction should not be considered accidental but inevitable. We hypothesize the near impossibility of exploring new planets without carrying and/or delivering any microbial travelers. In addition, although we highlight the importance of controlling and tracking such contaminations—to explore the existence of extraterrestrial microorganisms—we also believe that we must discuss the role of microbes as primary colonists and assets, rather than serendipitous accidents, for future plans of extraterrestrial colonization. This paradigm shift stems partly from the overwhelming evidence of microorganisms’ diverse roles in sustaining life on Earth, such as symbioses and ecosystem services (decomposition, atmosphere effects, nitrogen fixation, etc.). Therefore, we propose a framework for new discussion based on the scientific implications of future colonization and terraforming: (i) focus on methods to track and avoid accidental delivery of Earth's harmful microorganisms and genes to extraterrestrial areas; (ii) begin a rigorous program to develop and explore ‘Proactive Inoculation Protocols’. We outline a rationale and solicit feedback to drive a public and private research agenda that optimizes diverse organisms for potential space colonization.

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Microorganisms in ballast water: Disinfection, community dynamics, and implications for management

Cited by 85 publications

References 151 publications

Anthropogenic Modifications to Estuaries Facilitate the Invasion of Non-Native Species

Anthropogenic Modifications to Estuaries Facilitate the Invasion of Non-Native Species

The Role of Vessel Biofouling in the Translocation of Marine Pathogens: Management Considerations and Challenges

Inevitable future: space colonization beyond Earth with microbes first

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