Microorganisms from canals of root-filled teeth with periapical lesions

Abstract

The microbial flora in canals after failure of root-canal treatment were limited to a small number of predominantly Gram-positive microbial species. Facultative anaerobes, especially E. faecalis, were the most commonly isolated microorganisms, however, polymicrobial infections and obligate anaerobes were frequently found in canals of symptomatic root-filled teeth.

Genetic modifications to temperate Enterococcus faecalis phage ϕEf11 that abolish the establishment of lysogeny and sensitivity to repressor, and increase host range and productivity of lytic infection

“…In terms of oral disease, E. faecalis is the most commonly isolated species from infected root canals of teeth that fail to heal following root canal therapy (Sundqvist et al, 1998;Peciuliene et al, 2000;Pinheiro et al, 2003 Complicating management of these infections is the development of resistance among many enterococcal strains against many of the available, previously effective antibiotics, including vancomycin (Havard et al, 1959;Murray & Mederski-Samaroj, 1983;Uttley et al, 1988;Grayson et al, 1991;Bonten et al, 2001;Tenover & McDonald, 2005). Although a modest number of new antibiotics, such as linezolid and daptomycin, have been developed to provide treatment alternatives in cases of infection by organisms that are resistant to all previously available antibiotics, there have been numerous reports of resistance by E. faecalis and E. faecium strains to these antibiotics as well (Eliopoulos et al, 1998;Prystowsky et al, 2001;Gonzales et al, 2001;Herrero et al, 2002;Johnson et al, 2004;Munoz-Price et al, 2005;Kanafani et al, 2007;Hidron et al, 2008;Marshall et al, 2009;Kelesidis et al, 2011;Ross et al, 2011;Ntokou et al, 2012).…”

Analysis of reasons for retreatment and extraction of endodontically treated teeth: A transversal study

“…Some bacteria, such as Enterococcus faecalis, and their products are the main etiological factor of pulpal and periapical pathologies, and they exert a significant role in the induction and progression of these conditions [17]. Enterococcus faecalis is an anaerobic facultative microorganism that is highly resistant to conventional chemomechanical preparation, and it is usually found in cases of failure of root canal treatment [18]. This microorganism has several virulence factors, and is able to withstand prolonged periods of nutrient limitation, thus persisting as a pathogen in the root canal [19].…”

PCR identification of endodontic pathogens and DNA quantification in samples from teeth with posttreatment apical periodontitis

“…8,15,19,20 For the present study, we used the PCR (16S rDNA) assay, which has the potential to offer more detailed insights into complex bacterial communities. 21 Furthermore, it seems interesting to evaluate the effects of endodontic procedures against these microorganisms, in case they are still present after root canal filling removal (S1), after the first chemo-mechanical preparation in the first appointment (S2), 5 days after the canal was filled with sterile physiological solution (S3), after re-instrumentation in the second appointment (S4), and 14 days after the intracanal dressing was placed in the third appointment (S5).…”