Microorganismos aislados de hemocultivos en niños con cáncer y neutropenia febril de alto riesgo en cinco hospitales de Santiago, Chile, período 2012-2015

Maldonado, María Eliana; Acuña, Mirta; Álvarez, Ana María Arias; Avilés, Carmen L; Maza, Verónica De la; Salgado, Carmen; Tordecilla, Juan; Varas, Mónica; Venegas, Marcela; Villarroel, Milena; Zubieta, Marcela; Santolaya, Marı́a Elena

doi:10.4067/s0716-10182018000200140

Cited by 11 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…En Chile, país donde se ha documentado ampliamente el comportamiento microbiológico en instituciones de referencia, un estudio de los agentes causales de bacteriemia en niños con cáncer y NF de alto riesgo en cinco hospitales de Santiago entre 2012 y 2015 encontró un predominio equivalente de BGN (46,6%) y CGP (45,1%), siendo E. coli el más frecuente, de la mano con SCN con una resistencia del 86,4% a Oxacilina (26). Cercano a lo reportado en los mismos centros entre 2004 y 2009, donde la frecuencia de aislamiento de los CGP fue predominante (56%), siendo los agentes más frecuentes SCN, E. coli, S. viridans y S. aureus; con resistencia a Oxacilina en un 77% de SCN y 14% de S. aureus 27 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Caracterización microbiológica y de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de las infecciones asociadas a neutropenia febril en pacientes hemato-oncológicos pediátricos

et al. 2022

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La neutropenia febril (NF) es la urgencia hemato-oncológica de mayor frecuencia, morbilidad y mor- talidad en pediatría. Objetivo: Describir la caracterización microbiológica y de la susceptibilidad an- timicrobiana de las infecciones asociadas a NF en pacientes hemato-oncológicos pediátricos. Pacientes y Método: Estudio cohorte retrospectivo en pacientes entre 1 mes y 18 años de edad con patología onco-hematológica según códigos CIE-10, hospitalizados en un centro de tercer nivel de atención de Colombia. Basados en las historias clínicas del período 2013-2017 se detectaron los episodios de NF y se describieron los microorganismos aislados y su patrón de susceptibilidad. Las pruebas de identificación bioquímica y de susceptibilidad a los antimicrobianos fueron realizadas con el sistema automatizado Dade Behring Microscan®. La clasificación de microorganismo resistente se realizó teniendo en cuenta la Concentración Mínima Inhibitoria (CMI) y la interpretación realizada por el laboratorio de acuerdo a los puntos de corte de las recomendaciones del Instituto de Estándares Clínicos y de Laboratorio. Resultados: De 130 pacientes el 14,7% de los cultivos obtenidos fueron positivos. Se documentó infección del torrente sanguíneo en el 17,5% de los episodios. Los microorganismos aislados fueron principalmente Bacilos Gram-negativos (BGN) (75,8%); las Enterobacterias (EB) fueron las más frecuentes, encabezadas por Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, seguidas de Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Staphylococcus coagulasa negativos (SCN). De las EB, el 40,5% mostraron resistencia a Piperacilina Tazobactam (TZP), 33,3% a Cefepime (FEP) y 8,2% a Meropenem (MEM). De acuerdo al patrón de resistencia antimicrobiana, se documentó que, de los cultivos positivos, el 16,4% de EB tenían patrón betalactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE) y 5%, patrón sugestivo de carbapenemasas (PC). Todos los Cocos Gram-positivos (CGP) fueron sensibles a Vancomicina (VAN). Conclusión: En los pacientes estudiados, los microorganismos patógenos predominantes fueron los Gram-negativos con índices de resistencia similares a países en vías de desarrollo.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Caracterización microbiológica y de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de las infecciones asociadas a neutropenia febril en pacientes hemato-oncológicos pediátricos

et al. 2022

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“…Gram-positive bacterial infections remain a significant health concern in pediatric patients. 1,2 Teicoplanin is a glycopeptide antibiotic exhibiting high antibacterial activities against the majority of gram-positive bacteria. It is widely used for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections, bone and joint infections, pneumonia, urinary tract infections and infective endocarditis in pediatrics worldwide, 3 as the superior tissue penetration, slower rate of elimination and fewer adverse reactions compared with vancomycin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Nephrotoxicity of Teicoplanin Therapy in Chinese Children: A Retrospective Study</p>

Sun

Zhang

et al. 2020

IDR

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Purpose This study aims to 1) describe the distribution characteristics of teicoplanin trough concentration ( C min ) and explore the related influencing factors and 2) evaluate the nephrotoxicity of teicoplanin in children. Patients and Methods A cohort of children who were treated with teicoplanin intravenously were included in this retrospective study. Regression analysis was performed to explore the factors associated with the fluctuations of teicoplanin C min and the development of nephrotoxicity. Classification and regression tree analysis was used to identify the population at high risk for teicoplanin nephrotoxicity. Results A total of 269 plasma samples from 186 children were collected. Underexposure ( C min < 10 mg/L) was documented in 52.7% of cases. The C min /dose after administering the loading dose was strongly associated with age ( P = 0.008), weight ( P = 0.039), and serum creatinine ( P = 0.022). The C min /dose after administering the maintenance dose was strongly associated with gender ( P = 0.014) and serum creatinine ( P = 0.006). C min ( P = 0.012) and the concomitant treatment with amphotericin B ( P = 0.001) were the independent risk factors for teicoplanin-related nephrotoxicity. Children who were concomitantly treated by amphotericin B with teicoplanin C min > 9.81 mg/L or patients with teicoplanin C min > 21.94 mg/L were at high risk for nephrotoxicity. Conclusion The fluctuations of teicoplanin C min could be affected by age, weight, gender, and serum creatinine. C min and concomitant treatment with amphotericin B were the independent risk factors for nephrotoxicity. We suggested that the therapeutic drug monitoring of teicoplanin should be performed in children.

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“…Different species implicated in human and animal infections were isolated, such as S. aureus, S. epidermidis and S. pseudointermedius [22][23][24]. Additionally, other pathogens considered to be emerging, such as S. sciuri, S. simulans, S. haemolyticus, S. schleiferi and S. lugdunensis, were isolated [12,23,27,[30][31][32]. In humans, most of the isolates corresponded to CoNS represented by S. epidermidis, considered to be the most abundant species that lives on skin [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, S. pseudointermedius nevertheless is a common cause of skin and soft tissue infections in dogs, cats and humans [5,6,21]. In recent years, CoNS species, such as S. epidermidis [22][23][24], S. haemolyticus [25] and S. lugdunensis [26], have also been associated with opportunistic infections in humans [12,23,[27][28][29]. The recognition of some CoNS as pathogens in veterinary medicine has emerged with S. epidermidis and some subspecies of S. schleiferi causing skin and ear infections in dogs [30][31][32][33], as well as S. felis related to lower urinary tract disease, eye infections and otitis in cats [34,35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Identification of Staphylococcus Species Obtained from Healthy Companion Animals and Humans

Thomson

García

Miles

et al. 2022

Veterinary Sciences

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The close contact between people and their pets has generated the exchange of skin microbiota, accompanied by bacteria that present resistance to antibiotics. Staphylococcus spp., opportunistic pathogens present in the skin and mucosa of mammals, have had their importance recognized in human and veterinary medicine. The objectives of this study were to identify Staphylococcus spp. present in isolates from the nostrils of healthy humans, dogs and cats as well as to determine their phenotype of resistance to methicillin. Strain identification was performed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using a disk diffusion assay for 12 antibiotics. Sixty humans (veterinary and technicians), sixty dogs and sixty cats were sampled; of them, 61.6%, 56.6% and 46.6%, respectively, carried Staphylococcus spp. in their nostrils, and only two people carried two different species of Staphylococcus in the only anatomical site sampled. A methicillin-resistant phenotype was present in 48.7% of the humans, 26.5% of the dogs and 57.1% of the cats, and sampled. These results demonstrate the presence of Staphylococcus spp. strains resistant to methicillin in personnel who work in contact with animals, as well as in dogs and cats that entered the same hospital or veterinary clinic, which alerts us to the potential transfer of these strains to or between people, dogs and/or cats.

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Microorganismos aislados de hemocultivos en niños con cáncer y neutropenia febril de alto riesgo en cinco hospitales de Santiago, Chile, período 2012-2015

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Caracterización microbiológica y de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de las infecciones asociadas a neutropenia febril en pacientes hemato-oncológicos pediátricos

Caracterización microbiológica y de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de las infecciones asociadas a neutropenia febril en pacientes hemato-oncológicos pediátricos

<p>Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Nephrotoxicity of Teicoplanin Therapy in Chinese Children: A Retrospective Study</p>

Isolation and Identification of Staphylococcus Species Obtained from Healthy Companion Animals and Humans

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