Micronutrients, antioxidants, and carcinoma of the gallbladder

Shukla, Vijay K.; Adukia, T K; Singh, Sureshwer Prasad; Mishra, C. P.; Mishra, Rajneesh Kumar

doi:10.1002/jso.10283

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Statistically significant differences from the normal distribution of Fe, Cu, and Zn have been reported to occur in patients with various forms of cancers [10,11]. In some studies, the Cu/Zn ratio in serum samples has been utilized as chemoprophylaxis [12] and also as a way of evaluation and prognosis assessment in cancer patients [13][14][15]. To our knowledge, changes in the serum level of Fe, Cu, and Zn in bladder cancer patients has never been determined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The comparative study of serum iron, copper, and zinc levels between bladder cancer patients and a control group

et al. 2009

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In the present study, a relationship was seen between the level of trace elements and the occurrence of bladder cancer, suggesting that an increase in the serum level of Cu and a decrease in the levels of Zn and Fe might be important causes of bladder cancer occurrence; however, defining such a cause-and-effect relationship needs several prospective studies to be done, which seems necessary with regard to the high prevalence of this cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The comparative study of serum iron, copper, and zinc levels between bladder cancer patients and a control group

et al. 2009

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“…However, no significant difference was observed in tissue concentration of Mn, vitamin C, and vitamin E. Cu levels and Cu/Zn ratio showed a highly significant (P < 0.001) increase in serum, bile, and gallbladder tissue in GBC compared to the others. Their results support an association between lower levels of Se, Zn, vitamin E, and risk of carcinoma of the gallbladder and suggest that Cu/Zn ratio could be a useful parameter in evaluating the patients of carcinoma of the gallbladder [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Shukla et al evaluated the micronutrient deficiency in carcinoma of the gallbladder [35]. Selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), ascorbic acid (vitamin C), and alphatocopherol (vitamin E) were estimated in the serum, bile, and gallbladder tissue of patients with GBC, cholelithiasis, and only in the serum of age-and sex-matched healthy controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental pollutants in gallbladder carcinogenesis

Pandey

2006

Journal of Surgical Oncology

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Gallbladder cancer is a common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract that shows wide geographical variation in its distribution. Cause of gallbladder cancer is still obscure; however, various etiological factors have been proposed. Of these gallstones and inflammation of the gallbladder is commonest. Despite three decades of active research no conclusive evidence is available as to what causes gallbladder cancer? In this article we reviewed the evidence on the role of environmental pollutants on gallbladder carcinogenesis. A detailed search of Medline was carried out which revealed only 12 articles. A number of heavy metals like nickel, cadmium, etc. have been implicated; however, the evidence is not robust enough to conclude its association. Role of radiation and pesticides in river water have also been evaluated without any conclusive evidence of its association with gallbladder cancer. Better designed case-control studies or cohort studies looking at exposure are required before it could be accepted as one of the causes of GBC.

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“…Although the role of TAC has been investigated for many cancers, no study has been published thus far (as shown by a search in PubMed) concerning the relationship between TAC levels and malignant biliary obstructions. The mean serum antioxidant levels, such as selenium, zinc, manganese, vitamin E, and vitamin C, were found to be significantly lower in gallbladder cancer patients as compared to patients with gallstones as well as healthy subjects (p<0.001) (51). Moreover, the roles of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress have been shown in CCA (52).…”

Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of serum and biliary CEA, CA19-9, VEGFR3, and TAC in differentiating between malignant and benign biliary obstructions

İnce

Yıldız²,

Baysal³

et al. 2014

Turk J Gastroenterol

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Background/Aims: Despite the presence of many diagnostic methods, the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant biliary obstructions is still not easy. We aimed to evaluate the role of serum/biliary carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3(VEGFR-3), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) tests in this differential diagnosis. Materials and Methods: Patients (n:225; 110♂, 115♀) with diagnosis of malignant (n:96) or benign (n:129) biliary obstruction were included in this cross-sectional study. Serum and biliary CEA, CA 19-9, VEGFR-3, and TAC tests were analyzed, statistics were obtained, and significance was defined as p<0.05. Results: Mean age was 54.9±16.4 for the benign and 54.2±19.6 for the malignant group (p=0.89). Head of pancreas cancer (18.2%), cholangiocarcinoma (11.4%) and choledochal stone (48%) were the most common etiologies. The area under the curve (AUC)s by ROC analysis of serum/biliary CA 19-9, VEGFR-3, and TAC and serum CEA were 0.701/0.616, 0.622/0.663, 0.602/0.581, and 0713, respectively. Serum TAC had higher sensitivity (61.1%) and CEA had lower sensitivity (42.7%), whereas CEA had higher specificity (89.9%) and TAC had lower specificity (60.5%). In biliary tumor markers, CA 19-9 had higher sensitivity (74%) and VEGFR-3 had lower sensitivity (56.2%); however, VEGFR-3 had higher specificity (79.1%) and CA 19-9 had lower specificity (34.1%). Additionally, combination of serum CEA (p<0.001), CA 19-9 (p<0.001), VEGFR-3 (p<0.001), and biliary CA 19-9 (p=0.028) markers achieved 95% estimation probability, and the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 88.5%, 45.7%, and 64%, respectively. Conclusion: Serum and biliary CEA, CA 19-9, VEGFR-3, and TAC tests would not be useful in the differentiation between malignant and benign biliary obstructions.

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Micronutrients, antioxidants, and carcinoma of the gallbladder

Abstract: The data supports an association between lower levels of Se, Zn, vitamin E, and risk of carcinoma of the gallbladder and suggest that Cu/Zn ratio could be a useful parameter in evaluating the patients of carcinoma of the gallbladder.

Cited by 26 publications

References 30 publications

The comparative study of serum iron, copper, and zinc levels between bladder cancer patients and a control group

The comparative study of serum iron, copper, and zinc levels between bladder cancer patients and a control group

Environmental pollutants in gallbladder carcinogenesis

Roles of serum and biliary CEA, CA19-9, VEGFR3, and TAC in differentiating between malignant and benign biliary obstructions

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