Micronucleus and its significance in effusion fluids

Jayakumar, Dravya; Kasturi, Kalpana Kumari

doi:10.4103/joc.joc_42_19

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Though the difference in the MN score was statistically significant but the count in the present study was lower as compared to the previous studies. In contrast, another Indian study showed lower mean MN score of 3.77 ± 2.128 in malignant (pleural and ascitic) effusions 19 . The varying mean MN score seen in different studies could be due to the difference in the histological types of malignancies being studied, types of stains used and the number of reactive mesothelial cells admixed with tumor cells in the smears.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In contrast, another Indian study showed lower mean MN score of 3.77 ± 2.128 in malignant (pleural and ascitic) effusions. 19 The varying mean MN score seen in different studies could be due to the difference in the histological types of malignancies being studied, types of stains used and the number of reactive mesothelial cells admixed with tumor cells in the smears. A cut-off value of 11 for MN count has been shown to have a sensitivity of 100% in T A B L E 1 Distribution of primary site of malignancy among the patients with malignant pleural effusion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological markers of chromosomal instability as predictors of malignancy in pleural effusion

Aggarwal,

Handa,

Bhagat

et al. 2023

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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BackgroundMalignancy in pleural effusion is an indication of poor prognosis. The distinction between malignant cells and reactive mesothelial cells in effusion cytology is sometimes difficult and requires ancillary techniques. Evaluation of morphological indicators of chromosomal instability (CI) like micronuclei (MN), chromatin bridging (CB), nuclear budding (NB), and multipolar mitosis (MM) on routine cytology smears is a promising tool to distinguish malignant from benign ascitic fluids. However, it has been scarcely evaluated in pleural effusions. The present study was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic value of these markers in differentiating between malignant and benign pleural fluids.MethodsIt is a cross sectional study in which a total of 72 pleural fluid samples over a period of 2 years received in the cytology department of the hospital were evaluated. The cytological analysis was done by two independent cytopathologists and interpreted as either malignant or benign. Four morphological markers of CI were counted in the May‐Grünwald Giemsa (MGG) stained smears of all the cases and the score was compared with the conventional cyto‐morphological diagnosis.ResultsOut of 72 cases, there were 42 malignant and 30 benign effusions on cytological examination. The mean score of micronuclei count, nuclear budding, chromatin bridging and multipolar mitosis in malignant effusions were 7.26 ± 2.74, 9.55 ± 5.53, 1.83 ± 1.17, and 2.21 ± 1.62 respectively that was significantly higher than the benign effusions (1 ± 0.71, 1.1 ± 0.86, 0.38 ± 0.50, and 0.15 ± 0.37 respectively) (p < .05). On Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, a cut‐off of 5 for the MN count had a sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 100% in detecting malignant pleural effusion [Area under curve (AUC) 95.8%, p < .001].ConclusionEvaluation of morphological indicators of CI on routine MGG stained smears is a simple and cost‐effective method to differentiate between benign and malignant pleural fluids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological markers of chromosomal instability as predictors of malignancy in pleural effusion

Aggarwal,

Handa,

Bhagat

et al. 2023

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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“…Though some of the risk factors can cause a mild increase in MN counts, a significant increase in MN frequency seems to be related only to dysplasia. The international human micronucleus (HUMN) project (www.humn.org), established in 1997 is an international collaborative program aimed to standardize micronucleus assays to study DNA damage 11 . Our results were similar to other studies…”

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confidence: 99%

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2023

IJPSR

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Fragmented micronucleus is a good prognostic indicator for monitoring and detecting chromosomal / genetic damage in human population. The objective of this study was to count the cells with presence of micronucleus in cervical pap smears in women with reproductive age group and to detect its predictive value. To substantiate the importance of Micronucleus evaluation in routine Pap smears evaluation for cervical cancer screening. Material and Method: In this study 750 cases, consisting of 200 smears of normal study, 200 smears of infective pathology with trichomonas, bacterial vaginosis and candida infection, 100 smears of ASCUS & ASC-H, 200 smears of squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL-100 & HSIL-100 ) and 50 smears of invasive carcinoma of women in reproductive women of age group were studied. The cervical smears of women with 20-45 years of age were included in the study. The study was conducted from Jan 2022 -Dec 2022 at Srinivasan Medical College and Hospital, Samayapuram, Trichy. Only routine papanicolaou-stained cervical smears were used. In each smear, the number of micronucleated cells were counted under high power and expressed as a count per 1,000 cells. Observation & Results:The micronucleus count in Invasive carcinoma > squamous intraepithelial lesion > ASC-US & ASC-H > infective inflammatory > normal cases. The p value is <0.01, that is significant. Conclusions: With significant p-value, the micronucleus test proved as a powerful biomarker and can be used as a screening procedure in predicting cervical cancer.

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Development of reconstructed intestinal micronucleus cytome (RICyt) assay in 3D human gut model for genotoxicity assessment of orally ingested substances

et al. 2022

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The micronucleus (MN) assay is widely used as part of a battery of tests applied to evaluate the genotoxic potential of chemicals, including new food additives and novel food ingredients. Micronucleus assays typically utilise homogenous in vitro cell lines which poorly recapitulate the physiology, biochemistry and genomic events in the gut, the site of first contact for ingested materials. Here we have adapted and validated the MN endpoint assay protocol for use with complex 3D reconstructed intestinal microtissues; we have named this new protocol the reconstructed intestine micronucleus cytome (RICyt) assay. Our data suggest the commercial 3D microtissues replicate the physiological, biochemical and genomic responses of native human small intestine to exogenous compounds. Tissues were shown to maintain log-phase proliferation throughout the period of exposure and expressed low background MN. Analysis using the RICyt assay protocol revealed the presence of diverse cell types and nuclear anomalies (cytome) in addition to MN, indicating evidence for comprehensive DNA damage and mode(s) of cell death reported by the assay. The assay correctly identified and discriminated direct-acting clastogen, aneugen and clastogen requiring exogenous metabolic activation, and a non-genotoxic chemical. We are confident that the genotoxic response in the 3D microtissues more closely resembles the native tissues due to the inherent tissue architecture, surface area, barrier effects and tissue matrix interactions. This proof-of-concept study highlights the RICyt MN cytome assay in 3D reconstructed intestinal microtissues is a promising tool for applications in predictive toxicology.

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Micronucleus and its significance in effusion fluids

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Morphological markers of chromosomal instability as predictors of malignancy in pleural effusion

Morphological markers of chromosomal instability as predictors of malignancy in pleural effusion

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Development of reconstructed intestinal micronucleus cytome (RICyt) assay in 3D human gut model for genotoxicity assessment of orally ingested substances

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