Micronuclei and other nuclear anomalies in buccal smears: methods development

Tolbert, Paige E.; Shy, Carl M.; Allen, James W.

doi:10.1016/0165-1161(92)90033-i

Cited by 563 publications

(443 citation statements)

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“…Increases in MN frequencies have been observed in the epithelial cells of patients with genetic disorders due to chromosomal aberrations and in individuals exposed to carcinogenic agents, such as ionizing radiation, arsenic, and cigarette smoke. Therefore, the frequency of micronuclei in epithelial cells is viewed as an indicator of a potential tissue-specific cancer risk (Sarto et al, 1987;Tolbert et al, 1992). In this study, the purpose was not to examine MN frequencies in patients with cervical malignancies, as has been done previously (Leal-Garza et al, 2002;Guzman et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of dietary boron on cervical cytopathology and on micronucleus frequency in exfoliated buccal cells

Korkmaz

Uzgören

Bakırdere

et al. 2007

Environmental Toxicology

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Recent evidence indicates that boron and borates may have anticarcinogenic properties. In this study, we have investigated the incidence of adverse cytological findings in cervical smears and the micronucleus (MN) frequency in women living in boron-rich and boron-poor regions. Cervical smears were prepared from 1059 women with low socioeconomic status; 472 of the women lived in relatively boronrich rural areas, while 587 lived in relatively boron-poor regions. The average and standard deviation values for the age of the women screened with the cervical Pap smear test were 41.55 6 8.38. The mean dietary intake of boron was 8.41 mg/day for women from the boron-rich regions, and 1.26 mg/day for women living in the boron-poor regions (P < 0.0001). Women from the boron-rich regions had no cytopathological indications of cervical cancer, while there were cytopathological findings for 15 women from the boronpoor areas ( 2 ¼ 10.473, P < 0.05). Sixty women, 30 from each region, were chosen for evaluating MN frequencies in exfoliated buccal cells. MN frequencies for women from the boron-rich and boron-poor regions were not significantly different (t ¼ À0.294, P > 0.05). Also, there were no significant correlations between age and MN frequency for women from both the boron-rich (r ¼ 0.133, P ¼ 0.48, P > 0.05) and boron-poor (r ¼ À0.033, P ¼ 0.861, P > 0.05) regions. The results suggest that ingestion of boron in the drinking water decreases the incidence of cervical cancer-related histopathological findings. There was no correlation between the pathological findings from the cervical smears and buccal cell MN frequency suggesting that the two study populations were exposed equally to gentotoxic agents. Nonetheless, cervical cancer-related histopathological findings should be validated by other researchers. # 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 22: 17-25, 2007.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two coded slides were prepared for each subject and two different people scored a total of 2000 cells from each set of slides. The criteria for scoring were those of Sarto et al (1987) and Tolbert et al (1992).…”

Section: Evaluation Of Micronuclei In Exfoliated Buccal Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary boron on cervical cytopathology and on micronucleus frequency in exfoliated buccal cells

Korkmaz

Uzgören

Bakırdere

et al. 2007

Environmental Toxicology

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“…The cells were smeared onto pre-cleaned glass slides. After air-drying, cells were fixed in methanol for 20 min at 0 • C, and the Feulgen method, modified from Tolbert et al [12,14], was applied for staining. Feulgen-stained slides were evaluated under a light microscope with 1000× magnification, using immersion oil.…”

Section: Analysis Of Micronuclei and Other Nuclear Anomalies In Buccamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human bio-monitoring may be done with various cytogenetic tests that evaluate genotoxic effects by detecting DNA damage, such as sister chromatid exchange and micronuclei [10,11]. Micronuclei in exfoliated buccal epithelial cells emerge during mitosis of the basal layers of the epithelium as extra-chromosomal DNA particles, when chromosome fragments or whole chromosomes lag behind and fail to be included in the main nuclei of the daughter cells, as a result of a clastogenic or aneugenic events [11,12]. Micronuclei in epithelial cells reflect genotoxic events occurring in the dividing basal cell layer of the putative target organ 1-3 weeks earlier [13,14], which allows for cytogenetic surveillance of groups at high risk of developing organ-specific cancer (e.g., upper aerodigestive tract) or oral premalignant lesions [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chromosomal damage in epithelial cells also leads to nuclear anomalies other than micronuclei, such as karyorrhexis, karyolysis, pyknosis, condensed chromatin, 'broken eggs' and bi-nucleated cells [11,18]. Karyorrhexis, karyolysis and pyknosis are associated with both cytotoxicity (necrosis and keratinization) and genotoxicity (apoptosis) accompanying the early stages of apoptosis [12,14], and thus are also considered effective Table 1 Age and main lifestyle habits of the groups exposed (power-plant workers) and non-exposed (administrative workers) to VOCs [data are reported as the number of subjects (% between brackets)]; VOCs concentration (mean ± SD) from both working areas (thermoelectric power-plant facilities and offices of administrative services). biomarkers for populations exposed to mutagenic and carcinogenic agents [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exposure of thermoelectric power-plant workers to volatile organic compounds from fuel oil: Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in buccal epithelial cells

Garcia

Linhares

Amaral

et al. 2012

Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagene

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a b s t r a c tThermoelectric power-plant workers are constantly exposed to high levels of potentially genotoxic gaseous substances, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the combustion of fuel oil or the processing of naphtha. The aim of the present study was to estimate the association between such occupational exposure and the frequency of micronucleated cells and cells with other nuclear anomalies.Buccal epithelial cells were collected from a total of 44 power-plant workers (exposed group) and 47 administrative workers (non-exposed group), and examined for the frequency of micronucleated cells (MNC) and of cells with other nuclear anomalies (ONA: pyknosis, karyolysis, and karyorrhexis) by means of the micronucleus assay. The frequencies of MNC and ONA per 1000 cells in the exposed group (1.8‰ and 82.4‰, respectively) were significantly higher than in the non-exposed group (0.2‰ and 58.3‰, respectively). The exposed group had a twelve-fold increase in risk for formation of MNC compared with non-exposed individuals (RR = 12.1; 95% CI, 5.0-29.2; P < 0.001). The confounding factors analyzed (age, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and mouthwash use) did not show any significant association with the frequency of MNC or ONA.The findings of this study show that workers from power plants exposed to VOCs have a significantly elevated risk for DNA damage. Therefore, bio-monitoring of DNA damage is recommended for this group of workers.

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Use of the fluorescent micronucleus assay to detect the genotoxic effects of radiation and arsenic exposure in exfoliated human epithelial cells

Moore

Warner

Smith

et al. 1996

Environ. Mol. Mutagen.

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Micronuclei and other nuclear anomalies in buccal smears: methods development

Cited by 563 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of dietary boron on cervical cytopathology and on micronucleus frequency in exfoliated buccal cells

Effects of dietary boron on cervical cytopathology and on micronucleus frequency in exfoliated buccal cells

Exposure of thermoelectric power-plant workers to volatile organic compounds from fuel oil: Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in buccal epithelial cells

Use of the fluorescent micronucleus assay to detect the genotoxic effects of radiation and arsenic exposure in exfoliated human epithelial cells

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