Micromixing Nanoparticles and Contaminated Water Under Different Velocities for Optimum Heavy Metal Ions Adsorption

Karvelas, Evangelos; Liosis, Christos; Karakasidis, Theodoros E.; Sarris, Ioannis E.

doi:10.3390/environsciproc2020002065

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Nanoparticles without magnetic properties have limited applicability in water purification due to the difficulty of separation from the aqueous solution [58]. Magnetic nanoparticles present advantages due to their large surface area, size, and shapedependent catalytic properties and can be separated from the aqueous solution with the use of a magnet field [48,59]; thus many methods have been investigated for their potential application in both environmental and biological fields [60][61][62].…”

Section: Heavymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major advantage of computational water treatment methods compared with an experimental method is that the steps of synthesis and characterization of magnetic nanoparticles are not time-consuming since they do not exist. The aims of microfluidic mixing and driving simulations for water purification from heavy metal ions are to achieve rapid mixing and desired guidance of nanoparticles [48,51,59,358].…”

Section: Main Findings During the Last Decadementioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy Metal Adsorption Using Magnetic Nanoparticles for Water Purification: A Critical Review

et al. 2021

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Research on contamination of groundwater and drinking water is of major importance. Due to the rapid and significant progress in the last decade in nanotechnology and its potential applications to water purification, such as adsorption of heavy metal ion from contaminated water, a wide number of articles have been published. An evaluating frame of the main findings of recent research on heavy metal removal using magnetic nanoparticles, with emphasis on water quality and method applicability, is presented. A large number of articles have been studied with a focus on the synthesis and characterization procedures for bare and modified magnetic nanoparticles as well as on their adsorption capacity and the corresponding desorption process of the methods are presented. The present review analysis shows that the experimental procedures demonstrate high adsorption capacity for pollutants from aquatic solutions. Moreover, reuse of the employed nanoparticles up to five times leads to an efficiency up to 90%. We must mention also that in some rare occasions, nanoparticles have been reused up to 22 times.

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Section: Heavymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Main Findings During the Last Decadementioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metal Adsorption Using Magnetic Nanoparticles for Water Purification: A Critical Review

et al. 2021

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“…where t is time and 𝑣 the kinematic viscosity of the water. Details of the numerical models, force, and moment terms used in the equations may be found in Refs [8,32]. The motion equations of each single particle in the discrete frame are based on the Newton law and may be presented as follows:…”

Section: Casementioning

confidence: 99%

A Tesla Valve as a Micromixer for Fe3O4 Nanoparticles

et al. 2022

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A large number of microfluidic applications are based on effective mixing. In the application of water purification, the contaminated water needs to be effectively mixed with a solution that is loaded with nanoparticles. In this work, the Tesla valve was used as a micromixer device in order to evaluate the effect of this type of geometry on the mixing process of two streams. For this reason, several series of simulations were performed in order to achieve an effective mixing of iron oxide nanoparticles and contaminated water in a duct. In the present work, a stream loaded with Fe3O4 nanoparticles and a stream with contaminated water were numerically studied for various inlet velocity ratios and initial concentrations between the two streams. The Navier–Stokes equations were solved for the water flow and the discrete motion of particles was evaluated by the Lagrangian method. Results indicate that the Tesla valve can be used as a micromixer since mixing efficiency reached up to 63% for Vp/Vc = 20 under various inlet nanoparticles rates for the geometry of the valve that was used in this study.

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“…There are several approaches to enhance the degree of mixing (DOM): complex three dimensional structures, modification of planar geometry, and manipulation of flow conditions. Using an unequal magnitude of inlet velocities is an example to control flow conditions [ 16 , 17 ]. For example, Karvelas et al [ 16 ] showed that a velocity ratio increase leads to an enhancement of mixing between the heavy metals and nanoparticles by the action of shear stress between them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using an unequal magnitude of inlet velocities is an example to control flow conditions [ 16 , 17 ]. For example, Karvelas et al [ 16 ] showed that a velocity ratio increase leads to an enhancement of mixing between the heavy metals and nanoparticles by the action of shear stress between them. Another example is to use a pulsatile inlet flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing Enhancement of a Passive Micromixer with Submerged Structures

Juraeva

Kang

2022

Micromachines

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A passive micromixer combined with two different mixing units was designed by submerging planar structures, and its mixing performance was simulated over a wider range of the Reynolds numbers from 0.1 to 80. The two submerged structures are a Norman window and rectangular baffles. The mixing performance was evaluated in terms of the degree of mixing (DOM) at the outlet and the required pressure load between inlet and outlet. The amount of submergence was varied from 30 μm to 70 μm, corresponding to 25% to 58% of the micromixer depth. The enhancement of mixing performance is noticeable over a wide range of the Reynolds numbers. When the Reynolds number is 10, the DOM is improved by 182% from that of no submergence case, and the required pressure load is reduced by 44%. The amount of submergence is shown to be optimized in terms of the DOM, and the optimum value is about 40 μm. This corresponds to a third of the micromixer depth. The effects of the submerged structure are most significant in the mixing regime of convection dominance from Re = 5 to 80. In a circular passage along the Norman window, one of the two Dean vortices burst into the submerged space, promoting mixing in the cross-flow direction. The submerged baffles in the semi-circular mixing units generate a vortex behind the baffles that contributes to the mixing enhancement as well as reducing the required pressure load.

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Micromixing Nanoparticles and Contaminated Water Under Different Velocities for Optimum Heavy Metal Ions Adsorption

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Heavy Metal Adsorption Using Magnetic Nanoparticles for Water Purification: A Critical Review

Heavy Metal Adsorption Using Magnetic Nanoparticles for Water Purification: A Critical Review

A Tesla Valve as a Micromixer for Fe3O4 Nanoparticles

Mixing Enhancement of a Passive Micromixer with Submerged Structures

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