Micromixers—a review

Nguyen, Nam‐Trung; Wu, Zhigang

doi:10.1088/0960-1317/15/2/r01

Cited by 1,494 publications

(1,008 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…Different types of micromixers have been reviewed by Nguyen et al [115] and the relative modeling of flow patterns has been proposed by various authors [115][116][117], together with the summary of the relevant adimensional numbers and simulation techniques. Examples of micromixing schemes are sketched in Figure 5.…”

Section: Transport Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical reaction engineering, process design and scale-up issues at the frontier of synthesis: Flow chemistry

Rossetti

Compagnoni

2016

Chemical Engineering Journal

184

103

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Flow chemistry has been proposed in modern organic chemistry as a mean for process intensification, to improve the control over reaction performance and to achieve higher yield. However, many open issues can be evidenced regarding the true possibility of scale-up, as well as currently lacking information for process design and economical evaluation. This review proposes some recent examples of flow synthesis deepening in particular the scale-up and engineering issues. Required information is evidenced, as well as some transport and kinetic data required for the practical implementation of the results.

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Section: Transport Phenomenamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical reaction engineering, process design and scale-up issues at the frontier of synthesis: Flow chemistry

Rossetti

Compagnoni

2016

Chemical Engineering Journal

184

103

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“…In an active micro mixer, St represents the ratio between the residence time of a species and the time period of its disturbance (Nguyen & Wu, 2005). At Re = 2.4×10 -4 , the main channel in the micro mixer showed a repetitive fluid interface folding pattern right after the side channel, as shown in Figure 4b.…”

Section: Micro Flow Visualizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study and nonlinear dynamic analysis of time-periodic micro chaotic mixers

et al. 2007

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The efficiency of MEMS-based time-periodic micro chaotic mixers was experimentally and theoretically investigated in this study. A time-periodic flow perturbation was realized using digitallycontrolled solenoid valves to alternately activate a source and sink, acting together as a pair, with different driving frequencies. Working fluids with and without fluorescent dye were used in the micro mixing experiments. The spatiotemporal variation of the mixing concentration during the mixing process was characterized at different Strouhal numbers, ranging from 0.03 to 0.74, under fluorescence microscopy. A simple kinematical model for the micro mixer was used to demonstrate the presence of chaotic mixing using different methods. The specific stretching rate, Lyapunov exponent, as well as local bifurcation and Poincaré section analyses were used to identify the emergence of chaos. Two different numerical methods were employed to verify that the maximum Lyapunov exponent was positive in the proposed micro mixer model. A simplified analytical analysis of the effect of Strouhal number was presented. Kolmogorov-Arnold-Mose (KAM) curves, which are mixing barriers, were also found in Poincaré sections. From a comparative study of the experimental results and theoretical analysis, a Finite-Time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE) was shown to be a more practical mixing index compared to the classical Lyapunov exponent because the time spent in mixing is the main concern in practical applications, such as bio-medical diagnosis. In addition, the FTLE takes into account both fluid stretching in terms of the stretching rate and fluid folding in terms of curvature.

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“…More specifically, when it comes to biological applications, biological fluids can be damaged by the high temperature gradients produced by ultrasonic waves. [248] In a recent comparative study, Larrea et al analyzed four different approaches to synthesize MNPs. [249] Those four approaches were as follows: (a) mixing by internal diffusion.…”

Section: Micromixing-based Reactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Functionalization, and Design of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Theranostic Applications

Mosayebi

Kiyasatfar

Laurent

2017

Adv Healthcare Materials

185

165

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In order to translate nanotechnology into medical practice, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been presented as a class of non‐invasive nanomaterials for numerous biomedical applications. In particular, MNPs have opened a door for simultaneous diagnosis and brisk treatment of diseases in the form of theranostic agents. This review highlights the recent advances in preparation and utilization of MNPs from the synthesis and functionalization steps to the final design consideration in evading the body immune system for therapeutic and diagnostic applications with addressing the most recent examples of the literature in each section. This study provides a conceptual framework of a wide range of synthetic routes classified mainly as wet chemistry, state‐of‐the‐art microfluidic reactors, and biogenic routes, along with the most popular coating materials to stabilize resultant MNPs. Additionally, key aspects of prolonging the half‐life of MNPs via overcoming the sequential biological barriers are covered through unraveling the biophysical interactions at the bio–nano interface and giving a set of criteria to efficiently modulate MNPs' physicochemical properties. Furthermore, concepts of passive and active targeting for successful cell internalization, by respectively exploiting the unique properties of cancers and novel targeting ligands are described in detail. Finally, this study extensively covers the recent developments in magnetic drug targeting and hyperthermia as therapeutic applications of MNPs. In addition, multi‐modal imaging via fusion of magnetic resonance imaging, and also innovative magnetic particle imaging with other imaging techniques for early diagnosis of diseases are extensively provided.

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Micromixers—a review

Cited by 1,494 publications

References 112 publications

Chemical reaction engineering, process design and scale-up issues at the frontier of synthesis: Flow chemistry

Chemical reaction engineering, process design and scale-up issues at the frontier of synthesis: Flow chemistry

Experimental study and nonlinear dynamic analysis of time-periodic micro chaotic mixers

Synthesis, Functionalization, and Design of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Theranostic Applications

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