Microlens for efficient coupling between LED and optical fiber

Park, Eun-Hyun; Kim, Moon Jung; Kwon, Young–Se

doi:10.1109/68.752541

Cited by 60 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A spatially and spectrally wide launch generated by a light-emitting diode (LED) has applications in legacy networks as well as in measurement instruments [31], and optimum coupling may be achieved with a lens [16,30]. We assume that such an overfilled launch is spatio-temporally incoherent and that the spatial interference of the 342 modal electromagnetic fields lead to speckle patterns that blend to a cylindrically symmetrical intensity pattern due to the large spectral width of the LED source.…”

Section: Overfilled Launchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic Mode Matching in a Wilson Basis --- Optical Fiber Connections with a Gap

Floris

Hon

Beurden

et al. 2021

Preprint

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On the basis of two optical fibers with an optional lateral and longitudinal displacement in a homogeneous background medium, we describe a general full-vectorial Wilson-basis discretized mode-matching method that evaluates the converged electromagnetic fields after all resonances in the possible gap cavity have settled. Wilson basis functions feature strong localization in both the spatial and the spectral domain, which allows for efficient modal electromagnetic field expansions, adequate truncation of field propagation operators, and sparse translation operators, which in turn allow to make ad hoc electromagnetic field-matching operators. For physical contact connections between single-mode fibers with a mode-field diameter mismatch, we obtain attenuation curves that are right between those obtained from approximation methods that either effectively match the electric field or the magnetic field under the assumption of a vanishing reflection. For fibers separated by a growing gap, constructive and destructive interference patterns in the cavity are computed by the successive application of Love's equivalence principle and the propagation operator. By leveraging the physical width of the Wilson basis functions and the stepsize of the propagation operator, the initial operators may be reused in solving the interface problem for other wavelengths. For multi-mode fiber connections, we provide attenuation curves on a modal electromagnetic field level, as well as for overfilled and core-confined target encircled-flux compliant launches. A comparison to geometrical-optics based approaches shows attenuation differences in the order of several hundredth of a dB, and although that is small, it is significant for modern connection attenuation specifications. In the final example of connections between regular and trench-assisted multi-mode fibers, we notice that the relative change in the cumulative near-field power distribution can be significant, despite a marginally small attenuation. The influence of a core diameter and/or numerical aperture mismatch can be examined with a deliberate lateral misalignment.

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Section: Overfilled Launchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic Mode Matching in a Wilson Basis --- Optical Fiber Connections with a Gap

Floris

Hon

Beurden

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Micro-optoelectromechanical systems (MOEMSs) [1,2] are a critical category of microelectromechanical systems. Microlenseses are essential components used in MOEMS devices and are used in applications such as tracking [3], collimation, coupling of lights [4,5], imaging with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor and charge-coupled devices [6], imaging of confocal microscopes [7], and pop-up displays [8] because of their light focusing and collimation ability. Moreover, recent developments show microlenses have more specific and novel applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microlens Array Fabrication by Using a Microshaper

Lin

Wen

2021

Micromachines

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A simple, easy, inexpensive, and quick nonsilicon-based micromachining method was developed to manufacture a microlens array. The spherical surface of the microlens was machined using a microshaper mounted on a three-axis vertical computer numerical control (CNC) machine with cutter-path-planning. The results show the machined profiles of microlens agree well with designed profiles. The focus ability of the machined microlens array was verified. The designed and measured focal lengths have average 1.5% error. The results revealed that the focal lengths of micro lens agreed with the designed values. A moderate roughness of microlens surface is obtained by simply polishing. The roughness of the lens surface is 43 nm in feed direction (x-direction) and 56 nm in path interval direction (y-direction). It shows the simple, scalable, and reproducible method to manufacture microlenses by microshaper with cutter-path-planning is feasible.

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“…The primary objective in the implementation of MLAs is to increase the illumination and efficiency of optical systems. These devices are widely used in optical fiber coupling [2], high-efficiency charge coupled devices (CCDs) [3], light diffusers [4], liquid crystal displays (LCDs) [5], wave-front sensors [6], and image recorders [7]. MLAs are also widely used in the field of biomedicine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Micromachined Molds, Partial-curing PDMS Bonding Technique, and Multiple Casting to Create Hybrid Microfluidic Chip for Microlens Array

2019

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In a previous study, we presented a novel manufacturing process for the creation of 6 × 6 and 8 × 8 microlens arrays (MLAs) comprising lenses with diameters of 1000 μm, 500 μm, and 200 μm within an area that covers 10 mm × 10 mm. In the current study, we revised the manufacturing process to allow for the fabrication of MLAs of far higher density (15 × 15 and 29 × 29 within the same area). In this paper, we detail the revised manufacturing scheme, including the micromachining of molds, the partial-curing polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) bonding used to fuse the glass substrate and PDMS, and the multi-step casting process. The primary challenges that are involved in creating MLAs of this density were ensuring uniform membrane thickness and preventing leakage between the PDMS and glass substrate. The experiment results demonstrated that the revised fabrication process is capable of producing high density arrays: Design I produced 15 × 15 MLAs with lens diameter of 0.5 mm and fill factor of 47.94%, while Design II produced 29 × 29 MLAs with lens diameter of 0.25 mm and fill factor of 40.87%. The partial-curing PDMS bonding system also proved to be effective in fusing PDMS with glass (maximum bonding strength of approximately six bars). Finally, the redesigned mold was used to create PDMS membranes of high thickness uniformity (coefficient of variance <0.07) and microlenses of high lens height uniformity (coefficient of variance <0.15).

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Microlens for efficient coupling between LED and optical fiber

Cited by 60 publications

References 7 publications

Electromagnetic Mode Matching in a Wilson Basis --- Optical Fiber Connections with a Gap

Electromagnetic Mode Matching in a Wilson Basis --- Optical Fiber Connections with a Gap

Microlens Array Fabrication by Using a Microshaper

Using Micromachined Molds, Partial-curing PDMS Bonding Technique, and Multiple Casting to Create Hybrid Microfluidic Chip for Microlens Array

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