Microgrid to smart grid's evolution: Technical challenges, current solutions, and future scopes

Badal, Faisal R.; Sarker, Subrata; Nayem, Zannatun; Moyeen, Sumaya I.; Das, Sajal K.

doi:10.1002/ese3.1319

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 220 publications

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“…In line with the needs in terms of reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions, it is necessary to promote technological development to increase electricity coverage, integrated Energy Storage Systems (ESS) [1], and Distributed Generation (DG) schemes. Likewise, the strengthening and advance of Microgrids (MG) [2][3] create a diversified energy matrix that includes Distributed Energy Resources (DER) [4]. From this point of view, MG are a suitable alternative to overcome the challenges of integrating DER into the Distribution System (DS).…”

Section: A Motivation and Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Smart Transformer-Based Meshed Hybrid Microgrids: Shaping, Topology and Energy Management Systems

Posada,

Unsihuay-Vila

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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Microgrids are considered an adequate alternative to overcome the challenges involving integrating distributed energy resources in distribution systems to contribute to the 'Three D' trend in the electricity sector, i.e., decentralize, decarbonize, and digitize electricity. This paper reviews the most relevant works to establish a baseline for the advancement and development of smart transformer-based meshed hybrid microgrids and energy management systems. First, the structure of the solid-state transformers as smart transformers and their potential application as an energy router in a microgrid is discussed. Then, the principle of conformation of meshed hybrid microgrids based on a smart transformer and the topologies reported in the literature are reviewed. Finally, power management systems integrated into smart transformers-based meshed hybrid microgrids are studied. According to the findings and conclusions, it is considered that smart transformers-based meshed hybrid microgrids operated by an optimal energy management system under uncertainty are a potentially feasible technological alternative for the adequate penetration of distributed energy resources into local distribution systems.

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Section: A Motivation and Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Smart Transformer-Based Meshed Hybrid Microgrids: Shaping, Topology and Energy Management Systems

Posada,

Unsihuay-Vila

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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“…Given the swift growth of the world economy, the global energy supply is stretched, prompting the urgent need to accelerate the capacity for renewable energy supply. 1 In recent years, with the introduction of carbon neutrality and carbon peak goals, the incorporation of wind, solar energy, and other renewable sources into microgrids has garnered significant interest. This offers a novel pathway for China's energy to undergo a green and low-carbon transformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on multiobjective capacity configuration optimization of grid‐connected wind–solar–storage microgrid system based on improved BWO algorithm

Wang,

Niu

et al. 2024

Energy Science & Engineering

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How to effectively utilize renewable energy and improve the economic efficiency of microgrid system and its ability to consume renewable energy has become one of the main problems facing China at present. In response to this challenge, this paper establishes a multiobjective capacity optimization model with the minimum levelized cost of energy, the maximum proportion of renewable energy consumption, and the minimum comprehensive system cost. Based on this model, a new improved beluga whale optimization algorithm is proposed to solve the multiobjective optimization problem in the capacity allocation process of wind–solar–storage microgrid system with the goal of ensuring that the microgrid can meet the maximum load demand at different moments throughout the year. In this paper, opposition‐based learning, artificial bee colony, dynamic opposite, and beluga whale optimization are combined to improve the population diversity and convergence accuracy, thereby enhancing the optimization performance of the algorithm. Finally, after finding the optimal Pareto front solution, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution is used to help decision‐makers select the optimal solution. Using real load data and meteorological data, the results of this paper show that the multiobjective capacity allocation optimization method of grid‐connected scenic storage microgrid system based on the improved beluga whale optimization algorithm can improve the economics of the wind–solar–storage microgrid system and promote the photovoltaic consumption simultaneously, providing a solution for the realization of low‐carbon power and regional economic development. The best‐found levelized cost of energy for the wind–solar–storage microgrid system is 0.192 yuan/kWh.

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“…As a solution, microgrids have emerged as a promising technology to address these issues by offering localized, decentralized energy generation and distribution [1][2]. Microgrids can operate autonomously or in tandem with the main grid, enhancing reliability, efficiency, and sustainability [3][4]. The depletion of conventional energy reserves and growing environmental concerns have emerged as major worldwide challenges of this century [5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Optimization of Microgrid Configuration for Sustainable, Reliable and Economical Energy Using Homer Software

Usman,

Sharma,

Joshi

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Mewar University grapples with exorbitant energy costs of approximately $1kWh, unreliable power supply, and a significant reliance on diesel engines and the grid. This dependency not only escalates energy expenses but also contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, exacerbating climate change, global warming, and environmental pollution. To mitigate these issues, this study proposes an optimized microgrid design integrating PV solar panels, wind turbines, diesel generators, and grid connectivity, utilizing HOMER software for optimization. The software identified multiple configurations, with the optimal design meeting an energy demand of 20,077,351 kWh/year through a combination of solar PV (288,947,670 kWh annually), wind turbines (36,825,618 kWh annually), and minimal reliance on diesel generators. The system would purchase 3,827,194 kWh annually from the grid during low renewable output periods and sell 167,761,193 kWh annually during surplus production. This design achieves a levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of $0.00146/kWh and a return on investment (ROI) of 10.1%, with total component expenditure of $16,207,384, covering capital investments, operations and maintenance (O&M), and fuel costs. Solar photovoltaics contributes 83% of the annual production, with the remaining 17% from the grid and wind turbines, establishing the system as cost-effective and environmentally friendly due to its heavy reliance on renewable energy sources (RES). Comprehensive feasibility, technical, economic and sensitivity analyses confirm the viability of implementing this proposed system. Ultimately, the proposed microgrid design promises a sustainable, economical, and reliable energy solution for the University.

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Microgrid to smart grid's evolution: Technical challenges, current solutions, and future scopes

Cited by 13 publications

References 220 publications

Review of Smart Transformer-Based Meshed Hybrid Microgrids: Shaping, Topology and Energy Management Systems

Review of Smart Transformer-Based Meshed Hybrid Microgrids: Shaping, Topology and Energy Management Systems

Research on multiobjective capacity configuration optimization of grid‐connected wind–solar–storage microgrid system based on improved BWO algorithm

Innovative Optimization of Microgrid Configuration for Sustainable, Reliable and Economical Energy Using Homer Software

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