Microfluidics: Fundamentals and Engineering Concepts

Hardt, Steffen; Schönfeld, Friedhelm

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-68424-6_1

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…LOC technologies are underpinned by the field of microfluidics, referring to the control and manipulation of fluid volumes of the order μL or nL. This takes place within micro-scale channels where macroscale behaviour breaks down and unique microscale phenomena dominate [ 6 ]. The precise manipulation and analysis of chemical and cellular behaviour, often performed under microscope, is then achievable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negligible-cost microfluidic device fabrication using 3D-printed interconnecting channel scaffolds

2021

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This paper reports a novel, negligible-cost and open-source process for the rapid prototyping of complex microfluidic devices in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) using 3D-printed interconnecting microchannel scaffolds. These single-extrusion scaffolds are designed with interconnecting ends and used to quickly configure complex microfluidic systems before being embedded in PDMS to produce an imprint of the microfluidic configuration. The scaffolds are printed using common Material Extrusion (MEX) 3D printers and the limits, cost & reliability of the process are evaluated. The limits of standard MEX 3D-printing with off-the-shelf printer modifications is shown to achieve a minimum channel cross-section of 100×100 μm. The paper also lays out a protocol for the rapid fabrication of low-cost microfluidic channel moulds from the thermoplastic 3D-printed scaffolds, allowing the manufacture of customisable microfluidic systems without specialist equipment. The morphology of the resulting PDMS microchannels fabricated with the method are characterised and, when applied directly to glass, without plasma surface treatment, are shown to efficiently operate within the typical working pressures of commercial microfluidic devices. The technique is further validated through the demonstration of 2 common microfluidic devices; a fluid-mixer demonstrating the effective interconnecting scaffold design, and a microsphere droplet generator. The minimal cost of manufacture means that a 5000-piece physical library of mix-and-match channel scaffolds (100 μm scale) can be printed for ~$0.50 and made available to researchers and educators who lack access to appropriate technology. This simple yet innovative approach dramatically lowers the threshold for research and education into microfluidics and will make possible the rapid prototyping of point-of-care lab-on-a-chip diagnostic technology that is truly affordable the world over.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negligible-cost microfluidic device fabrication using 3D-printed interconnecting channel scaffolds

2021

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“…In some cases the miniaturization of analytical systems might be impossible. Therefore some techniques have to be reinvented at the microscopic level [1]. Especially DNA isolation from complex media and the enrichment for further DNA analysis such as protein binding or hybridization studies are hard to achieve in a Lab-on a-chip system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Especially in Lab-on-a-chip systems microscopic forces are used to separate the analyte from a complex mixture for further analysis [1]. In this contribution the sorting and manipulation of DNA using dielectrophoresis (DEP) on micro structured chips was investigated [2].…”

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confidence: 99%

Integration of DNA molecules in microelectronic environment using dielectrophoresis

et al. 2009

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The connection of biomolecules like DNA to a micro scale environment such as microarrays and Lab-on-a-chip systems is an imminent task in biochip technology. Especially in Lab-on-a-chip systems microscopic forces are used to separate the analyte from a complex mixture for further analysis [1]. In this contribution the sorting and manipulation of DNA using dielectrophoresis (DEP) on micro structured chips was investigated [2]. DEP represents an interesting approach to manipulate and control objects at the micro-[3, 4] and nanoscale range [5][6][7], and especially to position them at controlled locations in microelectrode arrangements. It could be shown that DNA can be reversible arranged but also permanently immobilized in micro scale electrode gaps. It was also demonstrated that it is possible to stretch and align DNA from a single molecule level to high DNA concentration in a parallel manner between microelectrodes [8]. Furthermore DNA was stretched between moveable electrodes.

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“…These systems achieve high throughput cell separation by labelling cells with surface markers or by separating cells based only on density property. To overcome these limitations, researchers devised various cell sorting technologies in miniaturized microfluidic platforms [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. These new technologies enable selective isolation of cells using various other properties like size, shape, deformability, morphology, electrical properties, magnetic properties, compressibility, and also novel surface markers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Platform for Cell Isolation and Manipulation Based on Cell Properties

Yousuff

et al. 2017

Micromachines

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In molecular and cellular biological research, cell isolation and sorting are required for accurate investigation of a specific cell types. By employing unique cell properties to distinguish between cell types, rapid and accurate sorting with high efficiency is possible. Though conventional methods can provide high efficiency sorting using the specific properties of cell, microfluidics systems pave the way to utilize multiple cell properties in a single pass. This improves the selectivity of target cells from multiple cell types with increased purity and recovery rate while maintaining higher throughput comparable to conventional systems. This review covers the breadth of microfluidic platforms for isolation of cellular subtypes based on their intrinsic (e.g., electrical, magnetic, and compressibility) and extrinsic properties (e.g., size, shape, morphology and surface markers). The review concludes by highlighting the advantages and limitations of the reviewed techniques which then suggests future research directions. Addressing these challenges will lead to improved purity, throughput, viability and recovery of cells and be an enabler for novel downstream analysis of cells.

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Microfluidics: Fundamentals and Engineering Concepts

Cited by 25 publications

References 145 publications

Negligible-cost microfluidic device fabrication using 3D-printed interconnecting channel scaffolds

Negligible-cost microfluidic device fabrication using 3D-printed interconnecting channel scaffolds

Integration of DNA molecules in microelectronic environment using dielectrophoresis

Microfluidic Platform for Cell Isolation and Manipulation Based on Cell Properties

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