Microfluidic sample preparation for diagnostic cytopathology

Mach, Albert J.; Adeyiga, Oladunni; Carlo, Dino Di

doi:10.1039/c2lc41104k

Cited by 89 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 119 publications

(199 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, separation of micro-particles/cells according to their unique biophysical signatures such as size, density, shape, deformability, and surface proteins allows for a wide range of applications such as preparation of biological sample (e.g., blood, lymphatic tissue and tissue digestates etc. ), isolation and enrichment of target cells as well as water purification 4,5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamentals and applications of inertial microfluidics: a review

et al. 2016

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In the last decade, inertial microfluidics has attracted significant attention and a wide variety of channel designs that focus, concentrate and separate particles and fluids have been demonstrated. In contrast to conventional microfluidic technologies, where fluid inertia is negligible and flow remains almost within the Stokes flow region with very low Reynolds number (Re < 1), inertial microfluidics works in the intermediate Reynolds number range (~1 < Re < ~100) between Stokes and turbulent regimes. In this intermediate range, both inertia and fluid viscosity are finite and bring about several intriguing effects that form the basis of inertial microfluidics including (i) inertial migration and (ii) secondary flow. Due to the superior features of high-throughput, simplicity, precise manipulation and low cost, inertial microfluidics is a very promising candidate for cellular sample processing, especially for samples with low abundant targets. In this review, we first discuss the fundamental kinematics of particles in microchannels to familiarise readers with the mechanisms and underlying physics in inertial microfluidic systems. We then present a comprehensive review of recent developments and key applications of inertial microfluidic systems according to their microchannel structures. Finally, we discuss the perspective of employing fluid inertia in microfluidics for particle manipulation. Due to the superior benefits of inertial microfluidics, this promising technology will still be an attractive topic in the near future, with more novel designs and further applications in biology, medicine and industry on the horizon. ABSTRACT:In the last decade, inertial microfluidics has attracted significant attention and a wide variety of channel designs that focus, concentrate and separate particles and fluids have been demonstrated. In contrast to conventional microfluidic technologies, where fluid inertia is negligible and flow remains almost within Stokes flow region with very low Reynolds number Re <<1, inertial microfluidics works in the intermediate Reynolds number range (~1 < Re < ~100) between Stokes and turbulent regimes. In this intermediate range, both inertia and fluid viscosity are finite, and bring about several intriguing effects that form the basis of inertial microfluidics including: (i) inertial migration and (ii) secondary flow. Due to the superior features of high-throughput, simplicity, precise manipulation and low cost, inertial microfluidics is a very promising candidate for cellular sample processing, especially for sample with low abundant targets. In this review, we first discuss the fundamental kinematics of particles in microchannels to familiarise readers with mechanisms and underlying physics in inertial microfluidic systems. We then present a comprehensive review of recent developments and key applications of inertial microfluidic systems according to their microchannel structures. Finally, we discuss the perspective of employing fluid inertia in microfluidics for particle manipu...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamentals and applications of inertial microfluidics: a review

et al. 2016

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“…Unlike in vitro measurements, deciphering clinically relevant information often requires isolating certain biomarkers from an extraordinarily complex and heterogeneous mixture of proteins (Anderson and Anderson 2002) or cells (Mach et al 2013). These biomarkers of interest may be extremely rare and obscured by the complex background of the overall population.…”

Section: Finding a Needle In A Haystack: Extreme Clinical Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology: emerging tools for biology and medicine

2013

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Historically, biomedical research has been based on two paradigms. First, measurements of biological behaviors have been based on bulk assays that average over large populations. Second, these behaviors have then been crudely perturbed by systemic administration of therapeutic treatments. Nanotechnology has the potential to transform these paradigms by enabling exquisite structures comparable in size with biomolecules as well as unprecedented chemical and physical functionality at small length scales. Here, we review nanotechnologybased approaches for precisely measuring and perturbing living systems. Remarkably, nanotechnology can be used to characterize single molecules or cells at extraordinarily high throughput and deliver therapeutic payloads to specific locations as well as exhibit dynamic biomimetic behavior. These advances enable multimodal interfaces that may yield unexpected insights into systems biology as well as new therapeutic strategies for personalized medicine.In the context of biology and medicine, nanotechnology encompasses the materials, devices, and systems whose structure and function are relevant for small length scales, from nanometers (10 À9 m) through microns (10

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“…Therefore, the sampling is always one of the most important challenges regarding the cancer diagnosis (Mach et al, 2013). Traditional sampling methods such as collecting the biopsy from suspicious tissues are quite invasive and painful which harm the patient's body.…”

Section: Cancer and The Challenges Aheadmentioning

confidence: 99%