Microfluidic generation of graphene beads for supercapacitor electrode materials

Zang, Linlin; Cao, Xiaojian; Zhang, Yanhong; Sun, Laijun; Qin, Chuanli; Wang, Cheng

doi:10.1039/c5ta05095b

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Commonly, electrodes for supercapacitor applications employ micrometer-sized particles of nanoporous carbon consolidated by the use of polymer binder. , To further enhance the power performance via fast ion transport, sub-micrometer particles are of high interest. − For example, using an emulsion synthesis process, we have recently shown the superior rate handling ability of sub-micrometer carbide-derived carbon (CDC) beads with diameters ranging from 20 to 200 nm . This aligns with the enhanced performance of nanometer-sized TiC powders, which demonstrate an enhanced power rating compared to their micrometer-sized counterparts .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Sub-micrometer Novolac-Derived Carbon Beads for High Performance Supercapacitors and Redox Electrolyte Energy Storage

Krüner

Lee

Jäckel

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Carbon beads with sub-micrometer diameter were produced with a self-emulsifying novolac-ethanol-water system. A physical activation with CO2 was carried out to create a high microporosity with a specific surface area varying from 771 (DFT) to 2237 m(2)/g (DFT) and a total pore volume from 0.28 to 1.71 cm(3)/g. The carbon particles conserve their spherical shape after the thermal treatments. The controllable porosity of the carbon spheres is attractive for the application in electrochemical double layer capacitors. The electrochemical characterization was carried out in aqueous 1 M Na2SO4 (127 F/g) and organic 1 M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate in propylene carbonate (123 F/g). Furthermore, an aqueous redox electrolyte (6 M KI) was tested with the highly porous carbon and a specific energy of 33 W·h/kg (equivalent to 493 F/g) was obtained. In addition to a high specific capacitance, the carbon beads also provide an excellent rate performance at high current and potential in all tested electrolytes, which leads to a high specific power (>11 kW/kg) with an electrode thickness of ca. 200 μm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Sub-micrometer Novolac-Derived Carbon Beads for High Performance Supercapacitors and Redox Electrolyte Energy Storage

Krüner

Lee

Jäckel

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…17,18 The 3D geometric structure of graphene could be fabricated by various methods, including self-assembly, 19,20 additive manufacturing, sol–gel methods, 21 electrostatic spinning, 22 and microfluidics. 23,24 Ma et al 25 fabricated porous graphene gels based on a combined sol–gel and hydrothermal method for methylene blue (MB) adsorption. An adsorption capacity as high as 192 mg/g of the ultralight reduced-graphene oxide gels is achieved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Synthesis of Porous Graphene Microspheres through a Three-Dimensionally Printed Inkjet Nozzle for Selective Pollutant Removal from Water

Zhang

et al. 2019

ACS Omega

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Graphene microspheres are fabricated through a 3D-printed inkjet nozzle based on the gas–liquid microfluidic method. This method realizes rapid and controllable fabrication of uniform graphene microspheres with up to 800 μL min–1 (ca. 1 L d–1) of yields, which is 2 orders of magnitude higher than those of the conventional microfluidic method. The diameter of the graphene microspheres could be flexibly controlled from 0.5 to 3.5 mm by adjusting the gas pressure. The porous graphene microspheres show great dye decoloration performance. The maximum adsorption capacity of methylene blue is 596 mg/g, which is the highest adsorption capacity among that of the reduced graphene-oxide absorbents. A performance improvement of 21% is obtained by applying sodium alginate into graphene as a curing agent. The adsorption behavior follows a Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Besides, the graphene microspheres exhibit great selective adsorption and could separate cationic dye methylene blue (MB) and anionic dye methyl orange (MO).

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“…Generally, the intensity ratio of D band to G band (I D /I G ) revealed the disorder degree of carbon materials. 48 The I D /I G values of MCNTBs before and aer calcination clearly showed that the D/G intensity ratio aer calcination (I D /I G ¼ 1.41) was higher than that of the beads without treatment (I D /I G ¼ 1.27), indicating a decrease in the average size of sp 2 domains. 49 The FTIR spectra are given to characterize the functional groups of MCNTBs before and aer calcination (Fig.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Magnetic Porous Mcntbsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Microfluidic fabrication of magnetic porous multi-walled carbon nanotube beads for oil and organic solvent adsorption

Cao

Zang

et al. 2016

J. Mater. Chem. A

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Due to their light weight and recyclable value, carbon nanotube-based materials have been widely used as adsorbents for oils and organic pollutants. The discovery and research of a novel approach to prepare carbon nanotube-based adsorbents with excellent performance is still required urgently. In this paper, we used a modified microfluidic device to construct a kind of three-dimensional (3D) magnetic porous multi-walled carbon nanotube bead and utilized them to adsorb oils and organic solvents floating on or under the water. In the preparation process, acidified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MCNTs), watersoluble ferroferric oxide nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 ) and water-soluble submicron polystyrene microspheres can improve their dispersion stability and uniformity in microfluidic droplets. In addition, polystyrene microspheres as the hard template can not only supply abundant porous structures but also stabilize the morphology of composite droplets during the solidification. The measurement data indicated that magnetic porous multi-walled carbon nanotube beads (MCNTBs) had adsorption capability (up to 6-18 times their own weight) for oils and organic solvents with 6 times recyclability, and they can serve as a kind of promising adsorbent.

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Microfluidic generation of graphene beads for supercapacitor electrode materials

Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) solid or hollow graphene beads (GBs) with an obvious crumpled surface were fabricated by using a microfluidic emulsification device and employed as electrode materials for supercapacitors.

Cited by 32 publications

References 65 publications

Sub-micrometer Novolac-Derived Carbon Beads for High Performance Supercapacitors and Redox Electrolyte Energy Storage

Sub-micrometer Novolac-Derived Carbon Beads for High Performance Supercapacitors and Redox Electrolyte Energy Storage

Rapid Synthesis of Porous Graphene Microspheres through a Three-Dimensionally Printed Inkjet Nozzle for Selective Pollutant Removal from Water

Microfluidic fabrication of magnetic porous multi-walled carbon nanotube beads for oil and organic solvent adsorption

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