Microfluidic devices with templated regular macroporous structures for HIV viral capture

Abstract

There is a need to develop inexpensive, portable and easy-to-use devices for viral sample processing for resource-limited settings. Here we offer a solution to efficient virus capture by incorporating macroporous materials with regular structures into microfluidic devices for affinity chromatography. Two-dimensional simulations were first conducted to investigate the effects of two structures, a nanopost array and a spherical pore network, on nanoparticle capture. Then, the two structures were created in polymers by templating anodic aluminum oxide films and 3D close-packed silica particles, respectively. When the microdevices containing functionalized porous materials were tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) isolation, capture efficiencies of 80–99% were achieved under a continuous flow. Comparatively, functionalized flatbed microchannels captured around 10% of HIV particles. As the characteristic dimensions of the nanostructures are tunable, such devices can be adapted for the capture of different submicron bioparticles. The high capture efficiency and easy-to-operate nature suit the need of resource-limited settings and may find applications for point-of-care diagnostics.

Micro- and nanosystems for the detection of hemorrhagic fever viruses

“…352 Nanostructures have more binding sites than planar surface, enabling viral particle enrichment and signal amplification. 230,353 Yu et al, for example, developed a microdevice incorporating ZnO nanorods to enrich and identify avian influenza virus. 354 With the assistance of threedimensional nanorods, this method achieved a detection limit of 3.6 × 103 EID 50 mL −1 , which is ∼22 times more sensitive than a conventional ELISA assay.…”

Advanced “lab-on-a-chip” to detect viruses – Current challenges and future perspectives

“…In recent years, virus sample preparation has also attracted more attention and there have been different proposals for viral sample preparation strategies. For different detection methods, sample preparation have different meanings such as sample enrichment (Surawathanawises et al, 2016) or nucleic acid extraction (Chen et al, 2019;. Recently, Du et al (Du et al, 2017a) proposed an automated sample preparation microfluidic system that utilized air bubbles and magnetic beads to achieve efficient capture of the Ebola virus.…”

Advances in Continuous Microfluidics-Based Technologies for the Study of HIV Infection

“…However, better LOD can be reached by complexifying the microdevices while keeping the sample processing as a simple flow-through process. For instance, enhancement of viral detection is obtained by the fabrication of porous devices with a nanopore array over flatbed microchannels [85]. The system was tested with biotinylated HIV virions captured in channels with surface functionalized with Avidin (NeutrAvidin).…”

“…The system was tested with biotinylated HIV virions captured in channels with surface functionalized with Avidin (NeutrAvidin). High HIV capture yields (80%) are reached for a large range of HIV concentrations (10 3 -10 6 virions/mL) [85]. A clever biosensing system has also been proposed that consists in electrical sensing viruses through capacitance spectroscopy on a flexible plastic chip with printed electrodes.…”