Microfacies architecture and depositional history of the Upper Jurassic (kimmeridgian) Jubaila Formation in central Saudi Arabia

Khalifa, M.A.; Al‐Kahtany, Khaled; Farouk, Sherif; El‐Sorogy, Abdelbaset S.; Qahtani, Abdullah Al

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2020.104076

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In the current study, the (LM) microfacies were formed in a relatively calm condition in a deep subtidal zone, below the wavebase, and shielded from the current activity. This was indicated by the dominance of the abundance of fine-grained carbonates and the lack of a conclusive indicator of grain support [54]. The abundance of (DL) facies within micrite indicates that it formed in a shallow setting with quite water conditions [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Middle Miocene Microfacies, Cyclicity, and Depositional History: Implications on the Marmarica Formation at the Siwa Oasis, Western Desert (Egypt)

Khalifa,

Zaky,

Jovane

et al. 2024

Minerals

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Microfacies studies were carried out on the Middle Miocene Marmarica Formation exposed at the Gabal Western Bahi El-Din and Gabal El-Najdeen, the Siwa Oasis, northwestern Desert (Egypt). It was distinguished into the lower, middle, and upper members. Eleven microfacies types were recognized, which include skeletal lime-mudstone, dolomitic lime-mudstone, intraclastic wackestone, bryozoan wackestone, foraminiferal wackestone, foraminiferal bryozoan packstone, glauconitic molluscan packstone, molluscan intraclastic packstone, pelletal peloidal skeletal packstone, dolostones, and claystone microfacies. This formation includes several types of emergence- meter-scale cycles (shallowing-upward). Field observations and petrographic analyses revealed that these cycles consist of pure carbonates and mixed siliciclastic carbonates. These cycles consist of four types of gradual cycles and six types of non-gradual cycles. The gradual emergence cycles indicate a balance between the rate of subsidence, sea level oscillations, and sedimentation rate. The non-gradual cycles indicate an irregular balance between sedimentation rate and subsidence rate. The non-gradual cycles denote high-frequency sea level variation and/or short-term sea level oscillations, which are associated with high carbonate formation. The depositional environments of the Marmarica Formation are restricted to lagoonal at the base, followed upward to open marine conditions. Both environments most probably characterize the platform setting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Middle Miocene Microfacies, Cyclicity, and Depositional History: Implications on the Marmarica Formation at the Siwa Oasis, Western Desert (Egypt)

Khalifa,

Zaky,

Jovane

et al. 2024

Minerals

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“…Calcite minerals and micrite are observed in multiple locations within the thin segment. The deposition in a wave-base environment is indicated by the presence of micrites (Khalifa et al, 2021). A wave-based environment refers to a geographical area that is situated at the same elevation as the sea level, characterized by the presence of inner ramp-like shoals or reefs (Nader et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfacies and diagenesis of Setul Formation, Langkawi, Malaysia: Implications for the depositional environment

Rahman,

Teoh,

Abir

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The ongoing investigation into the microfacies and diagenesis of the Setul limestone reveals a considerable expanse of the formation that remains relatively unexplored. The comprehension of microfacies and diagenetic processes within sedimentary rocks holds paramount significance in predicting their viability as hydrocarbon reservoirs, decoding the geological history and depositional environment of a given region, reconstructing past climatic conditions, and understanding the fossil record. To meet the stipulated research objectives, which encompass the identification of microfacies and diagenesis within the Setul limestone, and the discourse on the diagenetic mechanisms operative within the limestone from the Gua Cherita outcrop, a multifaceted approach has been undertaken. This encompasses field observations, acid tests, thin section analyses, and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses. The distinguished microfacies within the Setul limestone encompass packstone, wackestone, grainstone, and mudstone. Among the discerned minerals and grain constituents are dolomite, calcite, calcite veins, ooids, micrite, peloids, pellets, and vestiges of biota like ostracods and brachiopods. This variety of microfacies signifies a shallow marine depositional environment characterized by varying energy levels. Simultaneously, the diagenetic processes analysed in this study include dolomitization, cementation as well as compaction or stylolitization. The validity of this assertion is supported by the occurrence of dolomite, cemented grains, micrites, and the obvious presence of stylolitic structures observed in the samples. In essence, the prevailing expectation is that the results of this study will provide important and valuable insights for the geological community, with a specific emphasis on explaining the complex relationship between facies characteristics and the effectiveness of limestone reservoirs. Furthermore, this research is set to offer comprehensive insights into the physical properties of carbonate rocks, thereby establishing a strong basis to support future efforts within the realm of oil and gas exploration. The implications extend across both economic and industrial domains, highlighted by the inherent potential for the practical use of these findings.

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“…Facies association 1 (FA 1) occurs only in Chemarikh Dolostone and consists mainly of MF1, dolomicrite and dolosparite with fenestral fabric (birds‐eyes). Microbial mats are formed during the early diagenetic events by the contemporaneous dolomitization of the precursor lime mud in the supratidal‐shallow setting (Flügel, 2010; Khalifa, Al‐Kahtany, Farouk, El‐Sorogy, & Al Qahtani, 2021). The presence of birds‐eyes indicates aggregation of gases due to methane seeps by the decomposition of organic matter at the early diagenesis stage (Antoshkina, Ponomarenko, & Kaneva, 2014) or leaching of anhydrites (Flügel, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfacies and stable isotope features of the Lower–Middle Jurassic carbonate rocks of Western Saharan Atlas (Aïn Ouarka area, Algeria)

2021

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The Jurassic Lower Carbonate Group in the Aïn Ouarka area of Western Saharan Atlas, Algeria, is represented by six formations, from base to top: Hettangian Chemarikh Dolostone, Early Sinemurian–Pliensbachian Aïn Ouarka Limestone, Toarcian Aïn Rhezala Limestone, Aalenian–Late Bajocian Raknet El Kahla Limestone Breccia, Late Bajocian Theniet El Klakh, and Late Bajocian–Bathonian Tifkirt Limestone formations. From the microfacies analysis, six microfacies types (MF1–MF6) have been recognized and grouped into three associations developed during a transgressive–regressive cycle: (a) inner ramp facies association; (b) middle ramp facies association; and (c) outer ramp facies association. The mineralogical analysis of the carbonate rocks reveals that they contain mostly low‐Mg calcite associated with ankerite, pyrite, and other detrital minerals such as quartz, chlorite, illite, feldspar (albite), and a few clay minerals. These minerals could be related to the deep fluid and hydrocarbon circulations during deposition. The isotopic data display a variation of δ13C isotopic values between −5.14‰ and +2.21‰ (VPDB) and between −8.12‰ and −4.95‰ for δ18O values (VPDB). The set of δ13C values is similar to the signature of marine dissolved inorganic carbon. First of all, the positive values of δ13C show that the origin of carbon is not from the organic‐rich zone (microbial zone), but probably derived from pore‐water and/or biogenic carbonate precursors. On the other hand, the negative values of δ13C indicate that the carbon may result from organic sources linked to the sulphate reduction bacteria activity, or by a heightened volcanic and/or hydrothermal activities releasing light carbon (12C). The negative δ18O values are not consistent with marine water ambient temperature, but with a possible influence of diagenesis or increasing of temperature by hydrothermal water. This hydrothermal activity is controlled by synsedimentary faults during the Early Jurassic and related to a late pulse of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) volcanism and by regional volcanism during the Middle Jurassic (Bajocian–Bathonian).

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Microfacies architecture and depositional history of the Upper Jurassic (kimmeridgian) Jubaila Formation in central Saudi Arabia

Cited by 16 publications

References 32 publications

The Middle Miocene Microfacies, Cyclicity, and Depositional History: Implications on the Marmarica Formation at the Siwa Oasis, Western Desert (Egypt)

The Middle Miocene Microfacies, Cyclicity, and Depositional History: Implications on the Marmarica Formation at the Siwa Oasis, Western Desert (Egypt)

Microfacies and diagenesis of Setul Formation, Langkawi, Malaysia: Implications for the depositional environment

Microfacies and stable isotope features of the Lower–Middle Jurassic carbonate rocks of Western Saharan Atlas (Aïn Ouarka area, Algeria)

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