“…Electronic devices are usually manufactured in a standardized architectural concept, which outlines the process sequences and the interconnect interfaces, in order to manage the complex assembly process which spans over orders of magnitude in the dimensions of individual structural elements and processes and includes a large number of different materials. After the manufacturing of single electronic components (e.g., ICs, capacitors, resistors) at the interconnect levels 0 and 1, the first functional electronic circuits are assembled in the second interconnect level by connecting the components on a substrate (e.g., PCB, flex, ceramic carrier) before these functional units are wired to the final devices or systems at the interconnect levels 3 to 5 [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Therefore, the second interconnect level marks the central assembly step, where the functionality of electronic circuits is brought to life.…”