Microcup® displays: Electronic paper by roll‐to‐roll manufacturing processes

Abstract

Abstract— Rolls of flexible displays or electronic paper have recently been prepared by a high‐speed roll‐to‐roll manufacturing process based on SiPix's novel Microcup® and top‐sealing technologies. Both Microcup® electrophoretic displays (EPDs) and LCDs have been demonstrated. The display rolls are format flexible and may be cut into desirable size and shape for a variety of applications. High‐performance flexible passive‐matrix Microcup® EPDs having a wide range of threshold voltages have also been demonstrated.

The effect of electrolyte conductivity on electrophoretic deposition

“…Currently, EPD is used in industry for the coating of primers on car bodies [6] and the deposition of phosphorus coatings for information displays [7]. New industrial applications such as e-ink displays [8] and electrophoretic deposition of dental crowns [9] also rely on EPD.…”

Bright e-Paper by transport of ink through a white electrofluidic imaging film

“…Therefore, equating this threshold pressure for splitting with the electrically applied pressure in the other channel, it is determined that the spacer must be designed such that l42h. By allowing the ink to freely merge or split in either channel, these specialized spacers also completely eliminate the need for ink microencapsulation [6][7][8] or pixel borders, a novelty compared to all previous pixel approaches that move a colourant [2][3][4][5] . The spacers can be straight or, as shown in this work, slightly bowed between 120 and 1401 for an R H that is initially slightly positive to provide a small starting volume of oil.…”

“…This film is a first for all types of electrowetting-style displays by allowing nonaligned lamination fabrication [3][4][5] . Furthermore, the film is able to efficiently split merged fluid and therefore eliminate the need for ink microencapsulation [6][7][8] or pixel borders needed in other displays that also move a colourant [2][3][4][5] . We have designed and fabricated 25 and 150 pixels-per-inch (PPI) versions of this electrofluidic imaging film.…”

Image quality improvement for electrophoretic displays by combining contrast enhancement and halftoning techniques

“…An electrophoretic display (EPD), which consists of many charged particles with white or black colors in a clear or colored fluid, offers good performance to meet these requirements [1], [2]. However, very few commercial EPDs can display color images, although it can be achieved by laminating a color filter array on the EPD.…”