Microchimerism: Defining and redefining the prepregnancy context – A review

Gammill, Hilary S.; Harrington, Whitney E.

doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2017.08.071

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…For instance, experiments on chick embryos leads to deciphering the molecular mechanisms controlling cell differentiation of epithelial cell and formation of organs . The cellular signals leading to implant acceptance are not fully understood, like the microchimerism existing in the prepregnancy context . An artificial larynx is already implanted.…”

Section: The Body Is a “Cluster” Of Living Cells That Need A Duplex Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[105][106][107] The cellular signals leading to implant acceptance are not fully understood, like the microchimerism existing in the prepregnancy context. [108] An artificial larynx [109] is already implanted. It recreated an interface between an aggressive luminal environment (e.g., pH, bacteria, mold, humidity) and the body tissues and restored the functionality of the organ (normal breathing, understandable speaking, and swallowing) without any pain nor subcutaneous inflammation.…”

Section: Whole Organ Transplants: Current State Of the Art From Autogmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tackling the Concept of Symbiotic Implantable Medical Devices with Nanobiotechnologies

Alcaraz

Cinquin

Martin

2018

Biotechnology Journal

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This review takes an approach to implanted medical devices that considers whether the intention of the implanted device is to have any communication of energy or materials with the body. The first part describes some specific examples of three different classes of implants, analyzed with regards to the type of signal sent to cells. Through several examples, the authors describe that a one way signaling to the body leads to encapsulation or degradation. In most cases, those phenomena do not lead to major problems. However, encapsulation or degradation are critical for new kinds of medical devices capable of duplex communication, which are defined in this review as symbiotic devices. The concept the authors propose is that implanted medical devices that need to be symbiotic with the body also need to be designed with an intended duplex communication of energy and materials with the body. This extends the definition of a biocompatible system to one that requires stable exchange of materials between the implanted device and the body. Having this novel concept in mind will guide research in a new field between medical implant and regenerative medicine to create actual symbiotic devices.

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Section: The Body Is a “Cluster” Of Living Cells That Need A Duplex Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Whole Organ Transplants: Current State Of the Art From Autogmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tackling the Concept of Symbiotic Implantable Medical Devices with Nanobiotechnologies

Alcaraz

Cinquin

Martin

2018

Biotechnology Journal

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“…Mosaicism is defined as presence of more than once chromosomal cell lineage in a tissue, organ or embryo/individual. Because of a process called “microchimerism,” most, if not all humans, are chimeras, as during intrauterine life mosaic clones are routinely transmitted from mothers to offspring and vice versa [ 63 ].…”

Section: Mosaicismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once embryos invade the maternal host (whether via the endometrium or at extra-uterine sites), systemic tolerance pathways are then, likely, further augmented by local immune responses within the invasive microenvironments surrounding the implanting embryos. Facing a rapidly growing fetus and placenta and the challenges of a logarithmically growing antigenic mass, tolerance is, likely, further augmented by maternal and fetal microchimerism [ 63 ]. Starzl was the first to demonstrate that mutual microchimerism in donor organ and organ recipient was important for successful allogeneic solid organ transplantation [ 77 ].…”

Section: Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Expected advances in human fertility treatments and their likely translational consequences

Gleicher

2018

J Transl Med

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BackgroundDue to rapid research progress in reproductive biology and reproductive clinical endocrinology, many human infertility treatments are close to potential breakthroughs and translational applications. We here review current barriers, where such breakthroughs will likely come from, what they will entail, and their potential clinical applications.Main textThe radical nature of change will primarily benefit older women, reduce fertility treatment costs and thereby expand access to treatment. A still widely overlooked prerequisite for implantation and normal pregnancy maintenance is timely development of maternal immunological tolerance toward an implanting paternal semi-allograft, if malfunctioning associated with implantation failure and pregnancy loss, while premature termination of tolerance appears associated with premature labor, pre-eclampsia/eclampsia and gestoses of pregnancy. Common denominators between pregnancy and invasive malignancies have again been attracting attention, suggesting that, like in malignant tumors, degrees of embryo aneuploidy may affect invasiveness and ability to “disarm” the immune system’s innate response against implanting embryos. Linking tolerance to implantation, we offer evidence that the so-called “implantation window” is likely immunological rather than hormonally defined.ConclusionsBecause many here outlined treatment changes will disproportionally benefit older women, they will exert a pronounced effect on society, as increasing numbers of women at grandparental ages will become mothers.

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“…There has been insufficient research to determine the cause of TAM and whether there are any associated health‐related outcomes. However, it should be noted that studies into another form of microchimerism, known as fetal–maternal microchimerism, have indicated some connections between chronic immune and nonimmune related diseases occur as a consequence .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Donor white‐blood‐cell survival (microchimerism) following red‐blood‐cell transfusion in Australian patients with burn

Hirani

Taggart

Maitz

et al. 2019

ISBT Science Series

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Background Donor white‐blood‐cell (leucocyte) engraftment, also known as transfusion‐associated microchimerism (TAM), remains a potential outcome for some patients who receive a red‐blood‐cell (RBC) transfusion. Australia introduced universal leucocyte filtration of RBC components in October 2008. However, preceding studies in major trauma patients indicate that filtration does not eliminate the potential of TAM following blood transfusion. Any potential for TAM in other patient groups has not been previously characterized. This study aimed to analyse if TAM could be detected in burn patients. Study design and methods Australian burn patients were recruited with injury composing of total body surface area (TBSA) ≥15% and who had been transfused with at least one RBC unit between 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2011. The incidence of TAM was determined using a panel of 12 bi‐allelic insertion/deletion polymorphisms. Results This patient cohort (n = 8) had median TBSA burn of 34% [15–70%], were transfused with median 9·5 RBC units [1–31] and had median hospital length of stay of 29 days [21–51]. Half of these patients had been transfused with universally leucodepleted RBCs. One patient who received leucodepleted RBC units showed an insertion/deletion pattern indicating the presence of TAM. Conclusion The detection of TAM in burn patients has not previously been described. In the cohort studied here, TAM was detected in one of the eight patients analysed. Even though leucodepleted blood products were used in some of the analysed patients, TAM appears to remain a potential transfusion‐related outcome.

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Microchimerism: Defining and redefining the prepregnancy context – A review

Cited by 22 publications

References 34 publications

Tackling the Concept of Symbiotic Implantable Medical Devices with Nanobiotechnologies

Tackling the Concept of Symbiotic Implantable Medical Devices with Nanobiotechnologies

Expected advances in human fertility treatments and their likely translational consequences

Donor white‐blood‐cell survival (microchimerism) following red‐blood‐cell transfusion in Australian patients with burn

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