Microbiota profile in new-onset pediatric Crohn’s disease: data from a non-Western population

Mouzan, Mohammad I. El; Winter, Harland S.; Assiri, Assad A.; Korolev, Kirill S.; Sarkhy, Ahmad A Al; Dowd, Scot E.; Mofarreh, Mohammad Al; Menon, Rajita

doi:10.1186/s13099-018-0276-3

Cited by 40 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The current data was also aligned with previous reports of decreased Ruminococcus spp. in IBD patients [33]. Methanobrevibacter smithii, an archaea methanogen, was significantly decreased in IBD patients [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…We found that F. prausnitzii was negatively associated with fecal calprotectin, EPX, and IgA in the current study. The Roseburia genus [23,[30][31][32][33] or specific species (e.g., Roseburia intestinalis and Roseburia hominis) [34,35] were significantly decreased in patients with IBD. In our analysis, Roseburia spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Additionally, fecal levels of several commensal bacteria, including Veillonella spp., E. coli, and Fusobacterium spp., were positively associated with inflammation biomarkers in the current study. All of those bacteria were considered as invasive [38][39][40], and high levels were reported previously in IBD patients [23,28,31,33,[41][42][43][44][45]. Changes in Prevotella spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Development of an Index Score for Intestinal Inflammation-Associated Dysbiosis Using Real-World Stool Test Results

et al. 2019

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Background Gut microbiota play an important role in human health. However, the application of gut microbiome in regular clinical practice is limited by interindividual variations and complexity of test results. Hypothesis It is possible to address interindividual variation by using large data-based exploratory-pattern analysis. Methods The current study was conducted using a large data set (n = 173,221) of nonselective incoming patients' test results from a stool test. The data set included assays for the detection of 24 selected commensal microorganisms and multiple biomarkers in feces. Patients were grouped based on their levels of inflammation biomarkers such as calprotectin, eosinophil protein X, and IgA. Group mean values of biomarkers and commensal microbes were used in an exploratory-pattern analysis for association from which an index score for intestinal inflammation-associated dysbiosis (IAD) was developed. The IAD score was evaluated in one questionnaire-based study (n = 7263) and one prospective case series study (n = 122) with patients of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and celiac disease. Results We identified a microbial profile strongly associated with fecal inflammation biomarkers. Developed on the pattern of the microbial profile, the IAD score demonstrated a strong association with fecal inflammation biomarkers and was significantly different between patients with IBD and those with IBS or celiac disease. Conclusion Using real-world data, we have developed a method to predict gut dysbiosis associated with different GI disease conditions. It may help clinicians simplify the process of interpreting gut microbial status and provide gut health assessment and treatment evaluation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Development of an Index Score for Intestinal Inflammation-Associated Dysbiosis Using Real-World Stool Test Results

et al. 2019

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“…OTU-1: Acinetobacter, which was present in all macrophage samples of the mucosal lamina propria of the Crohn's disease inflamed intestinal tract and was the largest observed by the average read number, was a genus that was significantly increased compared to normal in the 16S rRNA analysis of fecal and mucosal samples www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ of newly developed Crohn's disease cases in 17 children 25 . In addition, it has been reported that some of the Acinetobacter genus showed digestion resistance in a human macrophage cell line and enhanced production of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α by macrophages 26 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Gammaproteobacteria are enriched within CD14+ macrophages from intestinal lamina propria of Crohn’s disease patients versus mucus

Sekido

Nishimura

Nakano

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Crohn's disease causes chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract and its pathogenesis remains unclear. In the intestine of Crohn's disease patients, CD14 + CD11 + CD163 low macrophages contribute to inflammation through the induction of Th17 cells and production of inflammatory cytokines; the CD14 + CD11c + 163 high fraction is anti-inflammatory through the production of IL-10 in normal cases. In this report, the 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing method was used to identify bacteria that are specifically present in intestinal CD14 + CD11c + macrophages of crohn's disease patients. Bacteria present in intestinal CD14 + CD11c + macrophages and mucus of crohn's disease patients were separated into different clusters in principal coordinates analysis. There was a statistically significant increase in the relative composition of CD14 + CD11c + macrophages from mucus in two phyla (Proteobacteria [p = 0.01] and Actinobacteria [p = 0.02]) and two families (Moraxellaceae [p < 0.001] and Pseudomonadaceae [p = 0.01]). In addition, OTU-1: Acinetobacter and OTU-8: Pseudomonadaceae tended to concentrate in the CD14 + CD11c + CD163 low subset, whereas OTU-10: Proteus, OTU-15: Collinsella tended to concentrate more in the CD14 + CD11c + CD163 high subset than the other subset and mucus.Crohn's disease causes chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract and is known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) together with ulcerative colitis, yet fundamental therapy has not yet been established. Inflammatory reactions are usually controlled in the intestinal tract and intestinal homeostasis is maintained. In IBD, chronic inflammation is thought to occur by maintaining an excessively activated state of immune cells through the involvement of several factors, including genetic factors, environmental factors, immune abnormality, and intestinal bacteria 1,2 .In the intestinal tract of Crohn's disease, CD14 + macrophages are increased compared to normal intestine. CD14 + macrophages are more ability to produce inflammatory cytokines such as IL-23, TNF-α, and IL-6 than CD14 − macrophages 3 . CD14 + macrophages also have the ability to induce Th17 cells, but in the intestines of

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“…The development of various diseases such as type 2 diabetes, colorectal cancer (CRC), inflammatory bowel diseases and even depression, which is seemingly unrelated to the gut, has been discussed as being linked to the composition of the intestinal microbiome [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. For example, Fusobacterium nucleatum has been identified as playing multiple roles in the development of CRC or its treatment [10], such as augmenting CRC cell proliferation [11] or increasing resistance to chemotherapy [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of blood on the human gut microbiome

et al. 2020

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Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the prevailing causes of cancer mortality in the world. A common screening test for CRC is based on the human hemoglobin immunochemical based fecal occult blood test (iFOBT), which consists in the detection of blood in the patient's stool. In addition to iFOBT, recent studies support the use of the gut microbiome as a biomarker for CRC prediction. However, these studies did not take into account the effect of blood itself on the microbiome composition, independently of CRC. Therefore, we investigated the microbiome of patients undergoing the iFOBT screening in order to determine the effect of blood alone. Our cohort consisted of patients who had no blood in their stools (n = 265) or did have blood but no underlying precancerous or cancerous lesions (n = 235). We also identified bacterial taxa specifically associated with the presence of blood in stools. Results: We observed significant differences in the intestinal bacterial composition that could be solely caused by the presence of blood in stools. More precisely, we identified 12 bacterial species showing significant differences in abundance between both our study groups. These species, Bacteroides uniformis, Collinsella aerofaciens, Eggerthella lenta and Clostridium symbiosum demonstrated increased abundance in the presence of blood. In contrast, the species Prevotella copri, Coprococcus eutactus and catus, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia faecis, Blautia obeum, Gemmiger formicilis and Clostridium celatum showed decreased abundance in patients with blood in their stools. Notably, we found multiple taxa that were reported in previous studies linking microbiome composition and diseases. Conclusions: We show that, in the absence of disease, blood in the stools has a major influence on the composition of the microbiome. Our data suggest that blood itself should be taken into consideration when investigating the microbiome signatures of intestinal diseases.

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Microbiota profile in new-onset pediatric Crohn’s disease: data from a non-Western population

Cited by 40 publications

References 47 publications

Development of an Index Score for Intestinal Inflammation-Associated Dysbiosis Using Real-World Stool Test Results

Development of an Index Score for Intestinal Inflammation-Associated Dysbiosis Using Real-World Stool Test Results

Some Gammaproteobacteria are enriched within CD14+ macrophages from intestinal lamina propria of Crohn’s disease patients versus mucus

The influence of blood on the human gut microbiome

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