Microbiota in the Rhizosphere of Cereal Crops

Abstract

Today, spelt wheat grain is used to produce high quality food. Intermediate wheatgrass is a promising crop for prairie restoration. One of the elements of biologization is the influence of growing crops on the microbiota of soil rhizosphere. The microbiota of spelt wheat and intermediate wheatgrass soil rhizosphere remains insufficiently studied. Aim. To study the number of individual groups of microbiota in dynamics in the rhizosphere of cereal crops (spelt wheat, intermediate wheatgrass) depending on the weather conditions and the phase of plants development. Methods. Classical microbiological, statistical methods were used in the work. In particular, the study of the number of microorganisms of different ecological and trophic groups (ammonifying, nitrifying, cellulolytic and nitrogen-fixing) was carried out according to generally accepted methods in soil microbiology. The reliability of the influence of factors was determined by the probability value «р» level which was calculated using STATISTICA 8 program. Results. The amount of ammonifying and cellulolytic microorganisms in the soil rhizosphere of spelt wheat is significantly higher compared to soft wheat. The rhizosphere microbiota amount of the intermediate wheatgrass on the 2–3 year of cultivation was more resistant to adverse environmental factors compared to soft wheat. The soil rhizosphere microbiota did not change a lot depending on the phase of plant development during the vegetation period of cereal crops (spelt wheat, intermediate wheatgrass). Conclusions. The formation of rhizosphere microbiota of spelt wheat and intermediate wheatgrass was first analyzed under the conditions of the Right-Bank forest-steppe of Ukraine. The conducted studies indicate the feasibility of growing and use of spelt wheat in breeding programs to create cultivars of soft wheat with higher activity of rhizosphere microbiota. The number of ammonifying, nitrifying and cellulolytic microorganisms of soil rhizosphere of intermediate wheatgrass was significantly higher compared to soft wheat during all growth stages. The conducted studies confirm the practical application of intermediate wheatgrass to preserve and increase soil fertility. Intermediate wheatgrass can be grown for up to three years in one field, as microbiological activity reaches its maximum development.

Peculiarities of the Primary Process of the Soil Formation on the Mine Rock Dumps Under the Influence of Biotic Factors

“…Algae are an important factor in the transformation of sterile rocks into primary soil, preparing the conditions for nitrogen-fixing and heterotrophic microorganisms, as well as for the settlement of higher plants. In addition, soil algae are involved in the breakdown of some organic and mineral compounds, the excretion of mucous substances, the loosening of the upper soil layers and the formation of soil aggregates [Striganova, 1980;Karpenko et al, 2021].…”

Formation of yield and quality of winter durum wheat grain depending on long-term fertilization

“…In these studies, however, the effectiveness of nitrogen fertilizers was explored without phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. In addition, nitrogen is a biogenic element whose content in soil is determined by the activity of its microorganisms and rhizosphere (Karpenko et al, 2021).…”

Фітотоксична Оцінка Використання Пробіотичних Препаратів Для Очистки Агроценозів, Забруднених Внаслідок Воєнних Дій

“…Як зазначають дослідники Інституту мікробіології та вірусології ім. Заболотного, одним із перспективних методів очищення різних компонентів довкілля є використання пробіотичних препаратів [9]. Досліджено ефективність використання пробіотиків для очистки стічних вод [10][11][12], наявні дослідження щодо використання пробіотиків у боротьбі з евтрофікацією водоймищ [13][14].…”