Microbiota bacteriana da conjuntiva de doadores de córnea

Abstract

Objetivos: Quantificar e qualificar a microbiota aeróbia da conjuntiva de doadores de córnea segundo a interferência do intervalo de tempo entre o óbito e a colheita do espécime conjuntival, a causa do óbito e a idade do doador e avaliar a atividade biocida de determinados antibióticos aos microrganismos isolados. INTRODUÇÃOA colonização bacteriana da pele, membranas e mucosas, como a conjuntiva, inicia-se logo após o nascimento e não se relaciona apenas à contaminação no canal de parto, mas também aos microrganismos presentes no meio ambiente (1) . A freqüência registrada de cultura positiva da conjuntiva de olhos de doadores de córnea, sem tratamento ocular prévio, varia de 43 a 100% (2)(3) . O aumento do número de microrganismos é favorecido pelas alterações pós-morte, como o cessar do piscar e do fluxo lacrimal (4)(5) . A predominância das mesmas espécies de bactérias in vivo e pós-óbito indica que a poluição do ambiente é pouco importante como origem da contaminação (4) . As bactérias isoladas mais freqüentes foram Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus e difteróides (3) .

Aerobic bacterial microbiota of the conjunctiva in diabetic patients with normal and altered glycated hemoglobin levels in two regions in Brazil

“…Located in different regions of Brazil, Sorocaba has a population of 500,000 and large economic diversity (16) , in contrast to the city of Rio Branco, which has a population of approximately 350,000 and a barely sustainable economy based on agricultural activities (15) . Despite the fact that the literature shows the possible influence of climate and socioeconomic conditions on conjunctival microbiota (bacterial and fungal) (4,10,(12)(13)(14) , no significant differences were observed in the regions studied with regard to bacterial growth.…”

“…In the present study, the species of bacteria isolated in the cultures of the conjunctiva of diabetic patients were no different from those identified in the conjunctiva of non-diabetic patients, as was also observed in the study by Martins et al (4) In normal bacterial flora, the aerobic agents most commonly found are Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium spp and Propionibacterium acne (4,12) . Most studies agree that Staphylococcus epidermidis is the microorganism most commonly found in aerobic bacterial flora of normal conjunctivas (4,10,11,24) . Greater aerobic bacterial growth was also observed in the conjunctivas of the older patients, regardless of gender or the presence or absence of diabetes.…”

“…The changes found in the microbiota may depend on social and personal factors, on the predominant geographical area, as well as on the resistance that may be present against the empirically administered antibiotics (23) . The profile of the ocular microbiota undergoes constant change, influenced by seasonal variations, temperature, age, environmental exposure factors, surgical trauma and host immunity (4,10,(12)(13)(14) . The characteristics of the two cities studied are, respectively, an equatorial climate with hot and rainy weather in Rio Branco (15) , and a subtropical and temperate climate in Sorocaba (16) .…”

“…Values of fasting blood sugar have a better association with glycated hemogloAerobic bacterial microbiota of the conjunctiva in diabetic patients with normal and altered glycated hemoglobin levels in two regions in Brazil Microbiota bacteriana aeróbica conjuntival em pacientes diabéticos com hemoglobina glicada normal e alterada em duas regiões brasileiras bin values when they are higher, i.e., in situations of poor glycemic control (7,8) . Studies show that the bacterial flora of healthy individuals is formed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (4,10,11) , S. aureus, Corynebacterium sp, and Propineobacterium acne (13) . S. epidermidis, S. aureus, and Corynebacterium sp have also been found in diabetic patients (4) .…”

“…S. epidermidis, S. aureus, and Corynebacterium sp have also been found in diabetic patients (4) . Variations in conjunctival microbiota may occur due to both intrinsic and extrinsic changes in the body, such as geographical diversity and different socioeconomic characteristics (4,10,(12)(13)(14) . Therefore, the conjunctival aerobic microbiota of diabetic patients was studied in two different Brazilian cities: Rio Branco, in the state of Acre, in north Brazil; and Sorocaba, in the state of São Paulo, in southeastern Brazil.…”