Microbiological production of gallic acid fromRhus coriaria L.

Studies on the extracellular tannase from newly isolatedBacillus licheniformis KBR 6

“…Tannic acid is polyphenolic mixture of polyhydric alcohol's that can easily binds with any proteins and generally referred to as anti-nutrient and anti-microbial agent. Only a very limited number of microorganism like fungi and yeast (AOKI et al 1976, RAJAKUMAR and NANDY 1983, POURRAT et al 1987, HADI et al 1994, LEKHA and LONSANE 1994, BAJPAI and PATIL 1996, BAJPAI et al 1999 have been reported to degrade tannins and thrive on them by producing tannase.…”

Physico-chemical studies and optimization of gallic acid production from the seed coat of Terminalia belerica Roxb.

“…Different fungal strains have been utilized to explore the production of gallic acid from tannin (Caesalpinia spinosa) (Ikeda et al 1972). Pourrat et al (1985Pourrat et al ( , 1987 described gallic acid production by Aspergillus niger from tara powder and sumac leaves (Rhus coriaria). Kar et al (1999) produced gallic acid from teri pods (Caesalpinia digyna) with Rhizopus oryzae by solid-state fermentation.…”

A new approach to microbial production of gallic acid

“…Gallic acid is extensively used as an ingredient of developer in photography and printing inks. It also serves as a precursor for the commercial production of an anti-microbial drug trimethoprim, a food -preservative propyl gallate and some dyestuffs (13). Besides this, gallic acid possesses wide range of biological activities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, analgesic etc.…”

“…Microbial production of tannase, especially from fungi, is well documented (1,2,4,5,8,11,17), however, the reports on tannic acid hydrolysis is limited. Mainly Aspergilli have been used for hydrolysis of tannic acid to yield gallic acid (13)(14)(15)18), among bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae and Corynebacterium sp. have been reported to produce gallic acid from crude extract of tara gallotannin (6).…”

“…The current global requirement of gallic acid is around 8,000 tons/year and despite the immense commercial importance of gallic acid little work has been done on development of a process for gallic acid production at fermenter level (13,18). The main hindrance in the development of a successful bioconversion process is the sensitivity of the microorganisms to tannic acid and the oxidation of the unused tannic acid.…”