Microbiological characterization and nitrate reduction in subsurface soils

Lind, Anne-Margrethe; Eiland, F.

doi:10.1007/bf00266479

Cited by 35 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Therefore most denitrification studies consider only the top 10 cm of the soil (De Klein and Van Logtestijn, 1994;Ryden et al, 1987). However, Lind and Eiland (1989) and have reported that denitrification is possible in deep soil layers (down to 20 m). In general, the availability of easily decomposable organic carbon was the limiting factor for denitrification in the sub soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Denitrification in the top and sub soil of grassland on peat soils

1996

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Denitrification is an important process in the nitrogen (N) balance of intensively managed grassland, especially on poorly drained peat soils. Aim of this study was to quantify the N loss through denitrification in the top and sub soil of grassland on peat soils. Sampling took place at 2 sites with both control (0 N) and N fertilised (+ N) treatments. Main difference between the sites was the ground water level. Denitrification was measured on a weekly basis for 2 years with a soil core incubation technique using acetylene (C2H2) inhibition. Soil cores were taken from the top soil (0-20 cm depth) and the sub soil (20-40 cm depth) and incubated in containers for 24 hours. The denitrification rate was calculated from the nitrous oxide production between 4 and 24 hours of incubation. Denitrification capacities of the soils and the soil layers were also determined.The top soil was the major layer for denitrification with losses ranging from 9 to 26 kg N ha -1 yr -1 from the 0 N treatment. Losses from the top soil of the + N treatment ranged from 13 to 49 kg N ha -1 yr -1 . The sub soil contributed, on average, 20% of the total denitrification losses from the 0-40 layer. Losses from the 0-40 cm layer were 2 times higher on the + N treatment than on the 0 N treatment and totalled up to 70 kg N ha-1 y r -1. Signifcant correlation coefficients were found between denitrification activity on the one hand, and ground water level, water filled pore space and nitrate content on the other, in the top soil but not in the sub soil. The denitrification capacity experiment showed that the availability of easily decomposable organic carbon was an important limiting factor for the denitrification activity in the sub soil of these peat soils.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Denitrification in the top and sub soil of grassland on peat soils

1996

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“…With the NO 3 -+ C treatment, there were no significant differences in denitrification rate between the soil obtained from the manured or fertilized plots, although denitrification appeared to initiate faster in the manured soil, suggesting that the microbial population was greater in the manured soil than in the fertilized soil. Increased denitrification potential following C addition as glucose to subsurface soils was also observed by Obenhuber and Lowrance (1991) and Lind and Eiland (1989).…”

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confidence: 54%

Increased denitrification below the root zone in the fall following a spring manure application

Paul¹,

Etches²,

Zebarth³

1997

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Increased denitrification below the root zone in the fall following a spring manure application. Can. J. Soil Sci. 77: 249-251. Indirect measurements of denitrification to 120 cm depth in a coarse textured soil in October showed higher denitrification rates following a single spring application of dairy cattle slurry than following a spring application of fertilizer. The highest denitrification rates occurred immediately above and below the water table (90 cm depth) and resulted primarily from C applied in the manure moving down through the soil profile.Key words: Dairy cattle slurry, carbon, nitrate, shallow water table Paul, J. W., Etches, V. et Zebarth, B. J. 1997. Accroissement de la dénitrification en dessous de la rhizosphère dans l'automne suivant un épandage de lisier au printemps. Can. J. Soil Sci. 77: 249-251. Des mesures indirectes de la dénitrification prises en octobre jusqu'à 120 cm de profondeur dans un sol de texture grossière ont mis en évidence des taux de dénitrification plus élevés consécutifs à un épandage printanier de lisier de bovins laitier qu'à un apport d'engrais chimique. Les taux les plus élevés se produisaient immédiatement au-dessus et en dessous du niveau de la nappe (90 cm de profondeur) ce qui tenait principalement à la migration du C du fumier vers le bas du profil.

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“…The small soil samples were analyzed for total organic carbon (TOC) by standard procedure (Klute, 1986) and for water-soluble organic carbon by shaking the samples for 1 h with demineralized water at a soil-to-water ratio of 1:2 and measuring the carbon content of the filtrates by UV-persulfate oxidation with IR detection of CO 2 (Dohrmann DC-180 Total Organic Carbon Analyzer, Certex). The content of adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP), a measure of microbial biomass, in soil samples was determined as described by Lind and Eiland (1989). Similarly, the effluent solution from the column experiments (se below) were analysed for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and ATP.…”

Section: Soil Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%