Increased denitrification below the root zone in the fall following a spring manure application

Paul, J. W.; Etches, V.; Zebarth, Bernie J.

doi:10.4141/s96-053

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Several authors have reported that available carbon rather than nitrate controlled denitri®cation rates (Myrold & Tiedje 1985;Comfort et al 1990;McCarty & Bremner 1992). Christensen (1983), Paul et al (1997) and Loro et al (1997) also found smaller N 2 O emissions from mineral fertilizer than from slurry, suggesting that the carbon added with the slurry probably affected denitri®cation rates mainly by providing an energy source for the denitrifying bacteria. In this way, Comfort et al (1988) indicated that only 10 to 15 days were required for the readily oxidizable carbon to be metabolized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of N₂O emissions from grassland by nitrification inhibitor and Actilith F2 applied with fertilizer and cattle slurry

Merino

Estavillo

Graciolli

et al. 2002

Soil Use and Management

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Abstract. Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is involved in both ozone destruction and global warming. In agricultural soils it is produced by nitri®cation and denitri®cation mainly after fertilization. Nitri®cation inhibitors have been proposed as one of the management tools for the reduction of the potential hazards of fertilizer-derived N 2 O. Addition of nitri®cation inhibitors to fertilizers maintains soil N in ammonium form, thereby gaseous N losses by nitri®cation and denitri®cation are less likely to occur and there is increased N utilization by the sward. We present a study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the nitri®cation inhibitor dicyandiamide (DCD) and of the slurry additive Actilith F2 on N 2 O emissions following application of calcium ammonium nitrate or cattle slurry to a mixed clover/ryegrass sward in the Basque Country. The results indicate that large differences in N 2 O emission occur depending on fertilizer type and the presence or absence of a nitri®cation inhibitor. There is considerable scope for immediate reduction of emissions by applying DCD with calcium ammonium nitrate or cattle slurry. DCD, applied at 25 kg ha ±1 , reduced the amount of N lost as N 2 O by 60% and 42% when applied with cattle slurry and calcium ammonium nitrate, respectively. Actilith F2 did not reduce N 2 O emissions and it produced a long lasting mineralization of previously immobilized added N.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of N₂O emissions from grassland by nitrification inhibitor and Actilith F2 applied with fertilizer and cattle slurry

Merino

Estavillo

Graciolli

et al. 2002

Soil Use and Management

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“…Supply of C is ofi:en considered the major limiting factor for denitrification in subsoils . Dissolved organic C will also have leached with NO3", and there is evidence that a supply of leached C will support subsoil denitrification (Brye et al, 2001;Paul et al, 1997). Brye et al (2001) estimated that the maximum amount of NO3" that could be denitrified by C leached from prairie and cultivated soils was <25%, assuming that the dissolved organic C was labile and that anaerobic conditions existed.…”

Section: Denitrification and Nitrous Oxide Production In The Soil Promentioning

confidence: 98%

Nitrous Oxide Dynamics in a Deep Soil-Alluvial Gravel Vadose Zone Following Nitrate Leaching

Thomas

Waterland

Dann

et al. 2012

Soil Science Society of America Journal

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Subsoil denitrification is a potential sink for leached nitrate (NOj") that may otherwise contaminate ground water. A field trial was undertaken to assess the importance of subsoil denitrification and to examine the role of leached NOj" on subsurface nitrous oxide (N2O) (a potent greenhouse gas) dynamics. We monitored NOj", Br", N2O, CO2, and O2 concentrations in alluvial vadose materials to a depth of 7 m over a 32-mo period following the application of N (400 kg ha~^ as NH4NO3) and Br~ to potatoes {Solanum tuberosum L.) followed by a second application (400 kg ha"^ as NH4NO3) to ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) 24 mo later. Our sampling system consisted of an array of ceramic cups and permeable silicone tubing chambers to sample soil solution and gases. Following rainfall and irrigation, subsoil N2O concentrations increased rapidly. Within days of NO3" leaching below 1 m, high concentrations of NO3~, Br~, and N2O were observed at 7-m depth. Based on N to Br" ratios, and NO3~ leaching estimates from drainage amounts and leachate NO3~ concentrations, 5 to 10% of the fertilizer and soil N was denitrified. Based on N2O flux estimates and NO3~-N/Br~ ratios, almost all of the net N2O production occurred in the subsoil above the gravel material (1-m depth). In the gravel matrix the NOj'-N/Br" ratio did not change indicating a low capacity to attenuate NO3".Abbreviations: ECD, electron capture detector; NP, neutron probe; STP, standard temperature and pressure; TDR, time domain reflectrometry; WFPS, water-filled pore space.

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“…The effects of the treatments described here on growing season crop yield and N uptake, soil inorganic N levels at harvest , denitrification losses during the growing season (Paul and Zebarth 1996a), and leaching and denitrification losses during the fall and winter (Paul and Zebarth 1996b;Paul et al 1996) have been reported elsewhere.…”

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confidence: 95%

Growing season nitrogen dynamics in manured soils in south coastal British Columbia: Implications for a soil nitrate test for silage corn

Zebarth¹,

Paul²

1997

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Spring soil nitrate and ammonium dynamics in south coastal British Columbia soils were examined with respect to the potential to develop a soil nitrate test for silage corn (Zea mays, L.). Soil nitrate and ammonium contents were measured to 90 cm depth in two soils from April to July of two growing seasons. Treatments included a control, spring application of either 300 or 600 kg total N ha−1 as liquid dairy manure, or 200 kg N ha−1 as inorganic fertilizer. Significant amounts of ammonium were present until late May following manure and until mid-June following fertilizer application, requiring simultaneous determination of both nitrate and ammonium concentrations to assess soil inorganic N contents during this period. Most of the changes in soil nitrate over time occurred in the top 30 cm, suggesting that sampling to 30 cm depth would be sufficient in most cases for a soil nitrate test in this region. Most of the increase in soil inorganic N associated with the spring application of manure occurred by 1 June. A soil nitrate test in early to mid-June when the corn is at the six leaf stage appeared to be most suitable for use in south coastal British Columbia to determine if additional fertilizer N is required. A sample taken at this time will measure soil nitrate contents just before the period of rapid corn N uptake, after most of the additional inorganic N associated with spring manure application is already present in the soil as nitrate, and after nitrification of the manure ammonium has occurred. Key words: N recovery, preplant nitrate test, pre-sidedress soil nitrate test

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Increased denitrification below the root zone in the fall following a spring manure application

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Mitigation of N₂O emissions from grassland by nitrification inhibitor and Actilith F2 applied with fertilizer and cattle slurry

Mitigation of N₂O emissions from grassland by nitrification inhibitor and Actilith F2 applied with fertilizer and cattle slurry

Nitrous Oxide Dynamics in a Deep Soil-Alluvial Gravel Vadose Zone Following Nitrate Leaching

Growing season nitrogen dynamics in manured soils in south coastal British Columbia: Implications for a soil nitrate test for silage corn

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Increased denitrification below the root zone in the fall following a spring manure application

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Mitigation of N2O emissions from grassland by nitrification inhibitor and Actilith F2 applied with fertilizer and cattle slurry

Mitigation of N2O emissions from grassland by nitrification inhibitor and Actilith F2 applied with fertilizer and cattle slurry

Nitrous Oxide Dynamics in a Deep Soil-Alluvial Gravel Vadose Zone Following Nitrate Leaching

Growing season nitrogen dynamics in manured soils in south coastal British Columbia: Implications for a soil nitrate test for silage corn

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Product

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Mitigation of N₂O emissions from grassland by nitrification inhibitor and Actilith F2 applied with fertilizer and cattle slurry

Mitigation of N₂O emissions from grassland by nitrification inhibitor and Actilith F2 applied with fertilizer and cattle slurry