Microbial Synthesis of Antibacterial Phenazine-1,6-dicarboxylic Acid and the Role of PhzG in Pseudomonas chlororaphis GP72AN

Abstract

Pseudomonas chlororaphis have been demonstrated to be environmentally friendly biocontrol strains, and most of them can produce phenazine compounds. Phenazine-1,6-dicarboxylic acid (PDC), with a potential antibacterial activity, is generally found in Streptomyces but not in Pseudomonas. The present study aimed to explore the feasibility of PDC synthesis and the function of PhzG in Pseudomonas. A PDC producer was constructed by replacing phzG in P. chlororaphis with lphzG from Streptomyces lomondensis. Through gene deletion, common start codon changing, gene silence, and in vitro assay, our result revealed that the yield of PDC in P. chlororaphis is associated with the relative expression of phzG to phzA and phzB. In addition, it is found that PDC can be spontaneously synthesized without PhzG. This study provides an efficient way for PDC production and promotes a better understanding of PhzG function in PDC biosynthesis. Moreover, this study gives an alternative opportunity for developing new antibacterial biopesticides.

Comparative Genomic and Metabolomic Analyses of Two Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains With Different Antifungal Activities

“…bassiana activity of Y12. However, compound PDC which has been reported to exhibit higher antimicrobial activity has not been commercially produced till now (Guo et al, 2020). Purification and antifungal analysis of PDC would be discussed in our further research.…”

“…PDC had not been widely discussed in the context of Pseudomonas until recently; researchers found that mutation of the phzA gene in Pseudomonas chlororaphis HT66 resulted in a significant increase in PDC production, which distinguishes the phenazine pathway producing only PCA from the pathway forming both PCA and PDC (Dasgupta et al, 2015;Guo et al, 2017; Figure 9). Another study reported the production of PDC in the genetically engineered strain Pseudomonas chlororaphis GP72ANlphzG (Guo et al, 2020). PDC was reported to exhibit higher antimicrobial activity than PCA (Guo et al, 2020).…”

“…Another study reported the production of PDC in the genetically engineered strain Pseudomonas chlororaphis GP72ANlphzG (Guo et al, 2020). PDC was reported to exhibit higher antimicrobial activity than PCA (Guo et al, 2020). Therefore, strain Y12, which produces both PYO and PDC, has great potential in the field of ecofriendly pesticide application.…”

“…Our research showed that both PYO and PCA exhibited significant in vitro antifungal activity which further confirmed the role of phenazine compounds played to the anti- B. bassiana activity of Y12. However, compound PDC which has been reported to exhibit higher antimicrobial activity has not been commercially produced till now ( Guo et al, 2020 ). Purification and antifungal analysis of PDC would be discussed in our further research.…”

Identification of a Novel Bioactive Phenazine Derivative and Regulation of phoP on Its Production in Streptomyces lomondensis S015

“…Phenazines are a large group of nitrogen-containing tricyclic pigments that exhibit broad-spectrum antibiotic activity against bacteria, fungi, malaria, and parasites. − For example, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) was registered as a new biopesticide to inhibit wheat root disease, and phenazine-1-carboxamide (PCN) is effective to control Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici , which induces tomato root rot .…”