Microbial Species Including Ureolytic Bacteria from the Rumen of Cattle Fed Purified Diets

Slyter, L. L.; Oltjen, R. R.; Kern, D. L.; Weaver, J. M.

doi:10.1093/jn/94.2.185

Cited by 49 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In another study we have obsemed that separated rumen protozoa possess 5% of the urease activity and 0.5% of the diaminopimelic acid of a separated bacterial fraction (L. K. A. Lovelock and C. W. Forsberg, unpublished data). Since some Streptococcus bovis isolates exhibit urease activity (Slyter et al 1968) and bind to protozoa (Imai and Ogimoto 1978), they could be responsible for urease activity detected in washed protozoa. Urease activity of protozoa therefore could be another bacterial enzyme present as a result of the adhesion of bacteria to protozoa.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of methanogenic bacteria with rumen protozoa

Krumholz¹,

Forsberg²,

Veira³

1983

Can. J. Microbiol.

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Methanogenic bacteria superficially associated with rumen entodiniomorphid protozoa were observed by fluorescence microscopy. A protozoal suspension separated from strained rumen fluid (SRF) by gravity sedimentation exhibited a rate of methane production six times greater (per millilitre) than SRF. The number of protozoa (per millilitre) in the protozoal suspension was three times greater than that of SRF; however, the urease activity of this fraction was half that of SRF. The methanogenic activity of SRF and the discrete fractions obtained by sedimentation of protozoa correlated with the numbers of protozoa per millilitre in each fraction. Gravity-sedimented protozoa, washed four times with cell-free rumen fluid, retained 67-71% of the recoverable methanogenic activity. Thus it is evident from our observations that many methanogens adhere to protozoa and that the protozoa support methanogenic activity of the attached methanogens. When protozoa-free sheep were inoculated with rumen contents containing a complex population of protozoa, methanogenic activity of the microflora in SRF samples was not significantly enhanced.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of methanogenic bacteria with rumen protozoa

Krumholz¹,

Forsberg²,

Veira³

1983

Can. J. Microbiol.

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“…However, Slyter et al [57] reported that ureafed steers contained a greater concentration of amylolytic bacteria.…”

Section: Correlation Coefficients Between Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between microbial enzyme activities in the rumen fluid of sheep under different treatments

Moharrery

Das

2001

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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-Five total mixed rations prepared from finger millet (Eleusine Coracana) straw as a roughage (48%) and mixed concentrate (52%), supplemented with a 1% isoacid mixture (i-C 4 , i-C 5 , C 5 and phenylacetic acid in equal proportions) or oil (groundnut oil, 5% more than the control) or urea (5% more nitrogen than the control), and protein (groundnut cake, 5% more nitrogen than the control) were given in a Latin square experiment to sheep. Enzymatic activities were estimated for urease, cellulase, protease, amylase, and lipase in various fractions of rumen fluid on the one hand and rumen microbial biomass on the other hand. Rumen samples were taken 3-4 hours after feeding and mixed rumen bacteria were separated as a strained rumen fluid without protozoa (SRFWP), cell free rumen fluid (CFRF) and enzymes associated with the bacteria cell (EABC). Samples of SRFWP and EABC contained higher enzyme activities than CFRF. Depending on the type of enzymes in each fraction, some significant coefficient of determination (r 2 ) was seen. These values showed very close cooperative action between proteolytic and amylolytic enzymes under the experimental conditions, or perhaps the presence of some species of bacteria with both activities. Lipolytic bacteria are completely specialized for lipase production only (P < 0.05). The results showed oil, isoacid and crude protein enhanced microbial production (P < 0.05) and this can change the pattern of enzymes in the rumen of sheep.isoacid / urease / cellulase / protease / amylase / lipase / sheep / rumen Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 41 (2001) 513-529 513

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“…After comparative tests using maleate (Slyter et al 1968) and tris (Fasman & Niemann, 1951) buffer systems, the buffer used by Gorin & Chin (1966), containing 0.001 M-EDTA and 0-02 M-sodium phosphate pH 7.0, was found to allow optimal urease activity and stabilization of pH. Inhibition, reported to be due to high potassium ion concentrations (Fasman & Niemann, 1951) was not found.…”

Section: Direct Isolation Of Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 98%

Urease Activity in the Rumen of Sheep and the Isolation of Ureolytic Bacteria

Cook¹

1976

Journal of General Microbiology

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S U M M A R YUrease activity in the sheep rumen varied with the diet of the sheep, but appeared to be largely or entirely present in the small bacterial fraction. Screening of over 1000 strains of rumen bacteria isolated on different media showed that urease activity was apparently confined to species of Staphylococcus, Lactobacillus casei var. casei and KZebsieZZa aerogenes. Consideration of the numbers in which these occurred and their activities suggested that the bacteria could not be responsible for the total rumen urease activity. By enrichment culture a ureolytic strain of Streptoc o c m faecium was isolated. This had a higher urease activity than the other bacteria and occurred in higher numbers in the rumen. It could live with other bacteria in the rumen of a gnotobiotic lamb in numbers, and with a urease activity, comparable with those in the normal sheep rumen. The other properties of the bacterium also suggested that it would grow and produce urease in the rumen, but was unlikely to retain its urease activity after isolation. It was concluded that this bacterium was the main source of rumen urease in roughage-fed, and probably other, sheep.

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Microbial Species Including Ureolytic Bacteria from the Rumen of Cattle Fed Purified Diets

Cited by 49 publications

References 17 publications

Association of methanogenic bacteria with rumen protozoa

Association of methanogenic bacteria with rumen protozoa

Correlation between microbial enzyme activities in the rumen fluid of sheep under different treatments

Urease Activity in the Rumen of Sheep and the Isolation of Ureolytic Bacteria

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