Microbial Populations of Teat Ends of Dairy Cows, and Bedding Materials

Rendos, J.J.; Eberhart, R. J.; Kesler, E.M.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(75)84740-0

Cited by 97 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Results of this study indicate that cows housed in the CBP are exposed to a contaminated surface, which might increase the pressure of intramammary infection if there is a transfer of pathogens to the teat skin (Rendos, Eberhart, & Kesler, 1975;Hogan et al, 1989). Bedding characteristics such as moisture and particle size, which could influence bedding adhesion to cows, need to be studied to assess the risk of mastitis in the CBP.…”

Section: Factors Associated With Bedding Bacterial Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Trends and Associations between Compost Bedding Characteristics and Bedding Bacterial Concentrations

Favero¹,

Portilho²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2015

JAS

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The objectives were to quantify bedding concentrations of total bacteria and selected groups of mastitis pathogens (coliforms and streptococci), to identify bedding factors associated with these bacterial populations, and to describe longitudinal variation of bedding characteristics. Bedding samples from the superficial and deep (20 cm) layers were collected biweekly during 1 year from 3 compost bedded pack (CBP) dairies. Bedding bacterial concentrations and physical-chemical characteristics (moisture, organic matter, carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N), pH, and density) were determined. Mixed models were used to identify predictors for bacterial concentrations. Shewhart control charts were produced to describe longitudinal variation of bedding characteristics and define alerts of out-of-control variation. Bedding temperature was greater in the deep layer than on the surface (difference = 27.0, 12.1, and 14.4 °C for farms A, B and C, respectively). Except for farm B, bacterial concentrations were greater on the surface than in the deep layer. Organic matter and dry density were associated with concentration of total bacteria and coliforms. For all farms, C/N (positive association) and dry density (negative association) were associated with bedding concentration of streptococci. Deep temperature and moisture remained within the control limits defined in farm A and B during most of the period, whereas 7 and 9 alerts for temperature and moisture were observed on farm C, respectively. For all farms, organic matter, C/N, and pH exhibited great variation, resulting in several out-of-control alerts. Results of this study can be used to manage the CBP towards reducing cows' exposure to mastitis pathogens.

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Section: Factors Associated With Bedding Bacterial Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Trends and Associations between Compost Bedding Characteristics and Bedding Bacterial Concentrations

Favero¹,

Portilho²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2015

JAS

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“…Enlarged water holding capacity as a result of increased surface area may favour bacterial growth (Rendos et al 1975). On the other hand, as all woody plants, Miscanthus contains fewer free nutrients, such as simple sugars, pentoses and amino acids and more cellulose and lignin than straw, all of which might impede bacterial growth (Rendos et al 1975).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of Miscanthus as alternative bedding for dairy cows

Weyenberg¹,

Ulens²,

Reu³

et al. 2015

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:Despite dairy farmers' awareness of the importance of correct bedding for the health and comfort of their cows, they are often frugal with respect to these bedding materials in order to reduce costs. In addition, farmers are currently dependent on the availability and price fluctuations of traditional bedding materials. For these reasons, the scientific literature as well as the trade press point to an intensifying search for affordable alternative bedding materials. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Miscanthus, a woody grass that requires low input but generates high yield, could replace straw in deep little dairy cow cubicles. The cows' cubicles were lined for two consecutive 14-day periods with straw/chalk/water bedding, followed by two consecutive 14-day periods with ground-Miscanthus/chalk bedding. No significant differences were found in the following parameters: loss/ waste of bedding material, bacterial growth in cubicles, cow skin lesions (except for carpus lesions), cow cleanliness or cow comfort. Dust concentrations measured as PM 10 were higher when cubicles were filled with strawbased bedding, but never exceeded workspace quality safety limits. Based on these results, one can conclude that Miscanthus has potential as a viable alternative to straw when used as a bedding material. On-farm cultivation of Miscanthus may increase dairy farmer self-sufficiency and could reduce bedding costs. Keywords: bedding material; cow comfort; bacterial loadList of abbreviations ADF = acid detergent fibre, ADL = acid detergent lignin, CCI = cow comfort index, DM = dry matter, NDF = neutral detergent fibre, PM = particulate matter, SUI = stall use index

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“…The interpretation of consecutive milk samples is classically recommended (Brown et al, 1969). This interpretation limits false-negative quarters because of the intermittent shedding of some pathogens (Sears et al, 1990) and also false-positive quarters only infected in their teat canal end (Rendos et al, 1975). Potentially, duplicate sampling generates an increase in sensitivity of the microbiological procedure of about 7% (Buelow et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for new intramammary infections during the dry period in untreated dairy cows from herds using selective dry cow therapy

Robert¹,

Roussel²,

Bareille³

et al. 2008

Animal

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This study aimed at investigating risk factors for new intramammary infections (IMI) during the dry period in untreated cows from herds using selective dry cow antibiotic therapy (DCT). A total of 980 uninfected quarters in 347 untreated cows from 28 herds using selective DCT were included in a prospective survey. A herd-level questionnaire and an individual cow-level recording sheet were implemented to collect data on putative risk factors. Quarter milk samples were taken at drying-off and on day 3 after calving to assess the occurrence of new IMI during the dry period. A multivariate model including a herd effect as random and a cow effect as repeated was run at the quarter level. Interactions between risk factors and the cow infection status at drying-off (cow infected in at least one quarter v. uninfected) were checked. Three risk factors were found significantly associated with the risk for new IMI without interaction (P , 0.05): cows infected in at least one quarter at drying-off (v. uninfected cows) (relative risks (RR) 5 1.58); long preceding lactation (.355 days v. shorter length) (RR 5 1.62); long dry period (.65 days v. shorter length) (RR 5 1.46). One risk factor acted only in interaction with the cow infection status at drying-off: in cows uninfected at drying-off, the risk for new IMI was significantly higher in cows with short teats (RR 5 1.21) when compared with cows with long or normal teats, while the reverse relationship was observed in cows infected at dryingoff. Risk factors can be translated in recommendations, for instance to have dry periods not longer than 2 months. Moreover, as suggested by our results, the efficacy of selective DCT towards the prevention of new IMI would be improved if all infected cows were detected and treated. Criteria to accurately identify these infected cows should be therefore further investigated.

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Microbial Populations of Teat Ends of Dairy Cows, and Bedding Materials

Cited by 97 publications

References 13 publications

Longitudinal Trends and Associations between Compost Bedding Characteristics and Bedding Bacterial Concentrations

Longitudinal Trends and Associations between Compost Bedding Characteristics and Bedding Bacterial Concentrations

Feasibility of Miscanthus as alternative bedding for dairy cows

Risk factors for new intramammary infections during the dry period in untreated dairy cows from herds using selective dry cow therapy

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