Microbial populations and ruminal fermentation of sheep and llamas fed low quality forages

Ortiz‐Chura, Abimael; Pepi, María Gabriela Fernández; Wawrzkiewicz, Marisa; Cerón‐Cucchi, María Esperanza; Cravero, Silvio; Jaurena, Gustavo

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.09.007

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This finding coincided with the results of previous study (Liu et al, 2009) in which higher NH 3 -N concentration was noted in sheep fed alfalfa or sorghum-sudan diet. Higher concentration of NH 3 -N in sheep might be due to the higher DM intake (major intake of N) than in alpacas (Ortiz-Chura et al, 2018), however, more studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis. Besides, the concentration of NH 3 -N in the rumen could be associated to the degradation of dietary protein and NH 3 -N absorption by ruminal microbes (Belanche et al, 2012;Ushida et al, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Alpacas (Lama pacos) and llamas (Lama glama) are domesticated species of South American camelid (SAC), and have been imported by many countries in recent decades (Davies et al, 2007). As the important economically species for wool and meat production (San Martin and Bryant, 1989), alpacas and llamas were investigated extensively, especially their forestomach characteristics and nutritional strategies (Pei et al, 2013;Ortiz-Chura et al, 2018). It is described (Vallenas et al, 1973;San Martin and Bryant, 1989) that alpacas and llamas have similar anaerobic fermentation process and end-product volatile fatty ac-ids (VFA) production, but lower energy and protein requirements in comparison to true ruminants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Forestomach fermentation and microbial communities of alpacas (Lama pacos) and sheep (Ovis aries) fed maize stalk-based diet

Xia¹,

Pei²,

Huo³

et al. 2020

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forestomach fermentation and microbial communities of alpacas (Lama pacos) and sheep (Ovis aries) fed maize stalk-based diet

Xia¹,

Pei²,

Huo³

et al. 2020

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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“…The supposed superior ability of llamas to digest low-quality forages as compared to sheep is commonly attributed to a higher ability to recycle ruminal N, and the consequent higher ammonia N concentration in the rumen as suggested in our previous report, 8 a low passage rate of feed particles in the rumen and differences in ruminal microbial populations. 7,8 The in vitro incubation system adapted to this experiment aimed to focus on the intrinsic digestive characteristics of the ruminal inoculum (mainly the microbial and biochemical characteristics), getting rid of possible differences due to selectivity, chewing, feed retention time in the rumen, N recycling and nutrient absorption. 25 Regardless of the source of RI, the in vitro DM and OM digestibility of the low-quality forages in this study were in agreement with the values reported in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,5 Previous reports have shown that alpaca and sheep under the same feeding conditions differ in their biochemical, physical and microbial characteristics. [6][7][8] Another important characteristic to highlight is the apparent lower enteric CH 4 emission in SAC 9 and, despite the current growing interest in CH 4 emissions from ruminants, few studies have aimed to assess CH 4 emission in SAC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Llama and sheep ruminal fluid digestive capacity by in vitro gas production technique

et al. 2022

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BACKGROUND:The in vitro gas production technique has been used to evaluate forage fermentation kinetics. However, individual and animal species variation can change fermentation patterns due to differences in ruminal environment and microbiota. The aim was to verify whether rumen inoculum (RI) of llama had superior intrinsic digestion capacity and reduced methane (CH 4 ) production compared to sheep RI using fescue and paspalum hay as substrates.RESULTS: Dry and organic matter (OM) digestibility produced with llama RI tended to exceed that of sheep (P = 0.099 and 0.074, respectively) at 24 h of incubation. However, at 48 h, the sheep RI presented higher substrate digestibility and asymptotic value of gas production than that of llama (P < 0.010). CH 4 production showed no differences between RI or substrates (P > 0.050). The NH 3 -N and total volatile fatty acid concentrations were greater in the RI of llamas compared to those of sheep (P < 0.050). Acetate and butyrate proportions and acetate-to-propionate ratio were greater in the RI of llamas compared to those of sheep (P < 0.001) at 24 and 48 h. However, propionate proportion was greater in sheep compared with llama (P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: Llama RI tended to surpass that of sheep in dry and OM digestibility at 24 h of incubation, but sheep RI at 48 h presented a higher digestibility and gas production value than llama RI. No differences between the two species were detected for CH 4 production. This study showed that llama RI did not perform better than sheep RI in digesting low-quality forages.

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“…The amplification of the fragments was previously fine-tuned ( Ortiz-Chura et al., 2018 ). The procedure briefly consisted of a cycle of 95 °C for 15 min, followed by 40 cycles of 95 °C for 30 s for denaturation; hybridization at 60 °C for 30 s, but which varied according to the primer, and 72 °C for 1 min for the extension.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of the ruminal microbial ecosystem, and inhibition of methanogenesis and propiogenesis in response to nitrate feeding to Holstein calves

et al. 2021

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It is known that nitrate inhibits ruminal methanogenesis, mainly through competition with hydrogenotrophic methanogens for available hydrogen (H 2 ) and also through toxic effects on the methanogens. However, there is limited knowledge about its effects on the others members of ruminal microbiota and their metabolites. In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary nitrate inclusion on enteric methane (CH 4 ) emission, temporal changes in ruminal microbiota, and fermentation in Holstein calves. Eighteen animals were maintained in individual pens for 45 d. Animals were randomly allocated to either a control (CTR) or nitrate (NIT, containing 15 g of calcium nitrate/kg dry matter) diets. Methane emissions were estimated using the sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) tracer method. Ruminal microbiota changes and ruminal fermentation were evaluated at 0, 4, and 8 h post-feeding. In this study, feed dry matter intake (DMI) did not differ between dietary treatments ( P > 0.05). Diets containing NIT reduced CH 4 emissions by 27% (g/d) and yield by 21% (g/kg DMI) compared to the CTR ( P < 0.05). The pH values and total volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration did not differ between dietary treatments ( P > 0.05) but differed with time, and post-feeding ( P < 0.05). Increases in the concentrations of ruminal ammonia nitrogen (NH 3 –N) and acetate were observed, whereas propionate decreased at 4 h post-feeding with the NIT diet ( P < 0.05). Feeding the NIT diet reduced the populations of total bacteria, total methanogens, Ruminococcus albus and Ruminococcus flavefaciens , and the abundance of Succiniclasticum , Coprococcus , Treponema , Shuttlewortia , Succinivibrio , Sharpea , Pseudobutyrivibrio , and Selenomona ( P < 0.05); whereas, the population of total fungi, protozoa, Fibrobacter succinogenes , Atopobium and Erysipelotrichaceae L7A_E11 increased ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, feeding nitrate reduces enteric CH 4 emissions and the methanogens population, whereas it decreases the propionate concentration and the abundance of bacteria involved in the succinate and acrylate pathways. Despite the altered fermentation profile and ruminal microbiota, DMI was not influenced by dietary nitrate. These findings suggest that nitrate has a predominantly direct effect on the reduction of methanogenesis and propionate synthesis.

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Microbial populations and ruminal fermentation of sheep and llamas fed low quality forages

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Forestomach fermentation and microbial communities of alpacas (<i>Lama pacos</i><i></i>) and sheep (<i>Ovis aries</i>) fed maize stalk-based diet

Forestomach fermentation and microbial communities of alpacas (<i>Lama pacos</i><i></i>) and sheep (<i>Ovis aries</i>) fed maize stalk-based diet

Llama and sheep ruminal fluid digestive capacity by in vitro gas production technique

Dynamics of the ruminal microbial ecosystem, and inhibition of methanogenesis and propiogenesis in response to nitrate feeding to Holstein calves

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