Microbial N-cycling gene abundance is affected by cover crop specie and development stage in an integrated cropping system

Rocha, Kassiano Felipe; Kuramae, Eiko E.; Borges, Beatriz Maria Ferrari; Leite, Márcio Fernandes Alves; Rosolem, Ciro Antônio

doi:10.1007/s00203-020-01910-2

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Similar results were found by Silva et al (2010), showing that BNF contributed with 10-42% of U. decumbens and 10-39% of U. humidicola total N, depending on season and species. For example, U. ruziziensis increased the population of N-fixing microorganisms in the system compared to U. brizantha and M. maximus (Rocha et al, 2020b). Considering that the mean N accumulation among Urochloa species is about 100 kg N ha −1 (Table 2), up to 42 kg N ha −1 could be added into the soil from BNF.…”

Section: N Cyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urochloa in Tropical Agroecosystems

Baptistella¹,

Andrade

Favarin³

et al. 2020

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Increasing biodiversity is an important issue in more secure and sustainable agriculture. Diversified systems are more resilient to climate change, environmental stresses and enhance soil health, nutrient cycling and nutrient use efficiency. In tropical agroecosystems, cover crops and intercrops are an alternative toward a more diverse and sustainable production. Urochloa spp. (syn. Brachiaria spp.) are perennial grasses, known for their high biomass production. They are commonly used as cover and companion crops in conservation agriculture in the tropics and the residues left in the field after cutting protect the soil and provide nutrient to the next crop cycle or intercropped culture. Urochloa species roots are vigorous, abundant and deep, as opposed to the more shallow and scarce roots of common crops. These traits contribute to carbon sequestration, soil organic matter stabilization and nutrient cycling. Urochloa roots also improve soil physical characteristics and influence soil nutrient dynamics, reducing nutrient losses and enhancing cycling, what is key to achieve greater nutrient use efficiency in agriculture. For instance, Urochloa root exudates can reduce nitrogen losses by denitrification and leaching through a process called biological nitrification inhibition; root exudates can mobilize recalcitrant phosphorus from soils and make it available for plant uptake; the deep roots of these grasses have the potential to recover nutrients that are virtually lost away from the root zone of other crops. This review compiles scientific progress regarding the introduction of Urochloa in agroecosystems, mainly on the aspects related to the contribution to more secure and sustainable agriculture.

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Section: N Cyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urochloa in Tropical Agroecosystems

Baptistella¹,

Andrade

Favarin³

et al. 2020

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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“…This result shows the potential of U. brizantha to create favorable conditions for the development of the successive crop, especially under water stress conditions. One possible explanation for this is the increase in the population of microorganisms in the soil and in the activity of the microbiota in the decomposition of organic matter in areas with the presence of this cover crop species, as reported by Freitas et al (2018) and Rocha et al (2020). Plants can alter soil microbiology differently by sending signals that affect specific microbial communities (Haichar et al, 2014;Baptistella et al, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Timing of nitrogen application and cover crops on upland rice economic viability

Pascoaloto

Crusciol

Nascimento

et al. 2021

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the economic viability and competitiveness of upland rice (Oryza sativa), compared with flooded rice, in a system with different nitrogen fertilization timing and cover crops in Southeastern Brazil. The treatments consisted of upland rice grown under Urochloa brizantha or Urochloa ruziziensis straw, with the following fertilization: T, 30 kg ha-1 N at rice sowing + no extra N supply (0 kg ha-1); C, 30 kg ha-1 N at rice sowing + 90 kg ha-1 N at rice tillering; A2, 30 kg ha-1 N at rice sowing + 90 kg ha-1 N one day before rice sowing; and A1, 30 kg ha-1 N at rice sowing + 90 kg ha-1 N in the living cover crops. Total operating cost, gross revenue, operating profit, profitability index, and equilibrium price were determined. Upland rice results in a monetary gain for the farmer similar to that of flooded rice when nitrogen is added, regardless of fertilization timing. Under rainfall deficit conditions, upland rice sown on U. brizantha straw shows higher profitability rates than when sown on U. ruziziensis. When there is a possibility of rainfall deficit, U. brizantha, as a cover plant, results in a greater economic security for upland rice producers.

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“…This could be as a result of increasing demand of nutrient as the plant increase in growth. According to Rocha, Kuramae, Borges, Leite and Rosolem [47], the abundance of microorganisms associated with nitri cation increases with increasing developmental stages. Furthermore, Lu et al (2018) explain that the increased and prolonged availability of nitrogen in the rhizosphere by nitrifying microorganisms delays owering.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

16S Metagenomics of Nitrifying Bacteria and Archaea Inhabiting Maize Rhizosphere and the Influencing Environmental Factors

Babalola

2021

Preprint

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The maize rhizosphere soil is unique with diverse microorganisms. Nitrifying bacteria and archaea are ubiquitous and can transform ammonia locked up in soil or manure into nitrate; a more soluble form of nitrogen. However, nitrifying bacteria and archaea inhabiting maize rhizosphere are yet to be identified. We elucidate the diversity and abundance of nitrifying bacteria and archaea associated with maize rhizosphere across different growth stages using 16S metagenomics sequencing. Also, the influence of environmental factors on the nitrifying communities was evaluated. The maize rhizosphere soil was collected from North-West University, Molelwane, South Africa. DNA was extracted using Nucleospin Soil DNA extraction kit and the V3-V4 hypervariable region was sequenced on Illumina Miseq platform. MG-RAST was used to analyze the raw sequences. The environmental factors were measured using standard procedure. The result revealed 9 genera of nitrifying bacteria; Nitrospira, Nitrosospira, Nitrobacter, Nitrosovibrio, Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, Nitrococcus, unclassified (derived from Nitrosomonadales), unclassified (derived from Nitrosomonadaceae) and 1 archaeon Candidatus Nitrososphaera. The Nitrospirae phyla group which had the most nitrifying bacteria was more abundant at the tasselling stage (67.94%). Alpha diversity showed no significant difference. However, the Beta diversity showed significant difference (P=0.01, R=0.58) across the growth stages. The growth stages had no significant effect on the diversity of nitrifying bacteria and archaea, but the tasselling stage had the most abundant. A correlation was observed among some of the environmental factors. The research outcome can be put into consideration while carrying out a biotechnological process that involves nitrifying bacteria and archaea.

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Microbial N-cycling gene abundance is affected by cover crop specie and development stage in an integrated cropping system

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

Urochloa in Tropical Agroecosystems

Urochloa in Tropical Agroecosystems

Timing of nitrogen application and cover crops on upland rice economic viability

16S Metagenomics of Nitrifying Bacteria and Archaea Inhabiting Maize Rhizosphere and the Influencing Environmental Factors

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