Microbial Interactions during Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

Pettigrew, Melinda M.; Gent, Janneane F.; Revai, Krystal; Patel, Janak A.; Chonmaitree, Tasnee

doi:10.3201/eid1410.080119

Cited by 164 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…S. aureus and S. pneumoniae is negatively correlated in the nasopharynx (Bogaert et al, 2004). However, whereas Streptococcus species are dominant in the nasopharynx (Pettigrew et al, 2008) and various skin habitats (Gao et al, 2007;Fierer et al, 2008), this study shows that they are only in low abundance in the anterior nares, a feature also supported by previous culture-dependent studies (Lina et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

A poke into the diversity and associations within human anterior nare microbial communities

et al. 2010

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The anterior nares are the major reservoir for Staphylococcus aureus in humans, where nasal carriage has a crucial function as a source for invasive infections. Despite various investigations on aerobic community members based on traditional cultivation methods, little is known on the overall microbial composition and complex in situ interactions, but such knowledge is highly warranted for effective S. aureus control strategies. As assessed using advanced culture-independent approaches, this study provides a comprehensive survey of the anterior nare bacterial community of 40 individuals. Previously undiscovered co-colonization patterns and natural variations in species composition were revealed and provide insights for future intervention strategies for the control of health-care-and community-associated S. aureus infections.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

A poke into the diversity and associations within human anterior nare microbial communities

et al. 2010

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“…pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis and Staph. aureus in healthy children was analysed using a logistic regression model (Pettigrew et al, 2008).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, some carriage studies have reported the cooccurrence of a number of bacteria and suggested direct interactions such as interference or competition between the various bacterial species in the URT (Jacoby et al, 2007;Pettigrew et al, 2008). Although knowledge is limited, a change of colonization pattern of potential pathogens in the URT may have an effect on both the development of disease and the spread of pathogens in an individual.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasal colonization by four potential respiratory bacteria in healthy children attending kindergarten or elementary school in Seoul, Korea

Bae

Lee

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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A longitudinal analysis was carried out of the colonization by four potential respiratory pathogens -Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Staphylococcus aureus -in 165 healthy children (aged 3-7 years) attending three kindergartens and 417 healthy children (aged 7-10 years) attending an elementary school in Seoul, Korea, by four consecutive examinations over 1 year. The prevalence of nasal carriers of one or more of four bacteria was found to be higher in younger children (¡7 years) (mean 68.6 %) than that in older children (mean 46.8 %). The mean rates of nasal carriage of Strep. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis and Staph. aureus were 16.8, 18.9, 20.2 and 18.2 %, respectively. Colonization by Strep. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis was higher in pre-school children (28.6, 32.4 and 35.0 %, respectively) than in school children (12.2, 13.6 and 14.3 %, respectively). Carriage trends differed with age, with Strep. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis colonization decreasing with age but Staph. aureus colonization increasing. Positive associations of co-occurrence between Strep. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis were evident, with a significant negative association evident between Staph. aureus and the other three bacteria. A better understanding of the colonization and interaction of potential respiratory pathogens may be important for predicting changes in bacterial ecology and for designing control strategies that target bacterial colonization in upper respiratory tract infections.

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“…In a study of tympanocentesis over 4 respiratory tract illness seasons in a private practice, the percentage of 128 Data show that nasopharyngeal colonization of children vaccinated with PCV7 increasingly is caused by S pneumoniae serotypes not contained in the vaccine. [129][130][131][132] With the use of the recently licensed 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), 133 the patterns of nasopharyngeal colonization and infection with these common AOM bacterial pathogens will continue to evolve.…”

Section: Microbiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diagnosis and Management of Acute Otitis Media

Tunkel

Rosenfeld²,

Sevilla³

et al. 2013

Pediatrics

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1,058

832

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This evidence-based clinical practice guideline is a revision of the 2004 acute otitis media (AOM) guideline from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and American Academy of Family Physicians. It provides recommendations to primary care clinicians for the management of children from 6 months through 12 years of age with uncomplicated AOM.In 2009, the AAP convened a committee composed of primary care physicians and experts in the fields of pediatrics, family practice, otolaryngology, epidemiology, infectious disease, emergency medicine, and guideline methodology. The subcommittee partnered with the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the Southern California Evidence-Based Practice Center to develop a comprehensive review of the new literature related to AOM since the initial evidence report of 2000. The resulting evidence report and other sources of data were used to formulate the practice guideline recommendations.The focus of this practice guideline is the appropriate diagnosis and initial treatment of a child presenting with AOM. The guideline provides a specific, stringent definition of AOM. It addresses pain management, initial observation versus antibiotic treatment, appropriate choices of antibiotic agents, and preventive measures. It also addresses recurrent AOM, which was not included in the 2004 guideline. Decisions were made on the basis of a systematic grading of the quality of evidence and benefit-harm relationships.The practice guideline underwent comprehensive peer review before formal approval by the AAP.This clinical practice guideline is not intended as a sole source of guidance in the management of children with AOM. Rather, it is intended to assist primary care clinicians by providing a framework for clinical decision-making. It is not intended to replace clinical judgment or establish a protocol for all children with this condition. These recommendations may not provide the only appropriate approach to the management of this problem. Pediatrics 2013;131:e964-e999

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Microbial Interactions during Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

Abstract: Competitive interactions between bacteria differ by number and species present; thus, vaccination and treatment strategies may alter nasopharyngeal flora and disease susceptibility.

Cited by 164 publications

References 36 publications

A poke into the diversity and associations within human anterior nare microbial communities

A poke into the diversity and associations within human anterior nare microbial communities

Nasal colonization by four potential respiratory bacteria in healthy children attending kindergarten or elementary school in Seoul, Korea

The Diagnosis and Management of Acute Otitis Media

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