Microbial ecology of sea ice at a coastal Antarctic site:community composition, biomass and temporal change

Archer, Stephen D.; Leakey, Rjg; Burkill, PH; Sleigh, M. A.; Appleby, CJ

doi:10.3354/meps135179

Cited by 74 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…At all 4 study stations, algal ice communities were dominated by diatoms. Dominance of diatoms and especially of the pennates is a common feature which has been observed elsewhere in Antarctic coastal sea ice (Grossi & Sullivan 1985, Medlin & Hasle 1990, Watanabe et al 1990, Archer et al 1996, McMinn 1996. Dominant diatoms showed a vertical zonation along the ice column, a pattern observed also at other Antarctic localities, such as in the sea ice at Lutzholm Bay (Hoshiai 1977), or in bottom congelation ice community at McMurdo Sound (Grossi & Sullivan 1985).…”

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confidence: 74%

“…Despite the lack of data on the consumption rate of bacterial and algal production by heterotrophic protozoa, some indirect measurements or extrapolations suggest that protozoan grazing plays an important role in sea ice (Garison & Buck 1991, Garison et al 1993, Archer et al 1996. Few studies address the abundance and biomass of the 3 components of the microbial loop in the sea ice (Archer et al 1996). Generally, autotrophic biomass is dominant in sea ice.…”

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the previous studies on ice microbial communities distribution have been focused on short-term observations in limited near-shore regions (Watanabe at al. 1990, Archer et al 1996. The purpose of the present work was to examine spatial and temporal heterogeneity of sea ice microbial communities inhabiting first-year ice at 4 stations located along a south-north transect in the Dumont d'Urville station area.…”

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aquat Microb Ecol 43: [95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106] 2006 (Watanabe et , Garrison & Buck 1991, Archer et al 1996, McMinn 1996, Moro et al 2000, Riaux-Gobin et al 2000. However, phytoflagellates are often dominant during spring in the upper sea ice (Stoecker et al 1997(Stoecker et al , 1998.…”

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial and seasonal heterogeneity of sea ice microbial communities in the first-year ice of Terre Adélie area (Antarctica)

Fiala¹,

Kuosa²,

Kopczyńska³

et al. 2006

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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Spatial and temporal changes in sea ice microbial communities were investigated at 4 stations located along a south-north transect on the land-fast ice of Dumont d'Urville station area (Adélie Land, 66°40' S, 141°01' E) during the ice coverage period (April to December). A seasonal pattern was observed in microalgae, bacteria and protozoan abundance distribution. A maximum chlorophyll a concentration occurred during fall ice formation in the surface layer with the highest values at the near-shore station (100 to 215 µg l -1 ). A second maximum was observed before ice breaking in the bottom ice (50 to 90 µg l -1 ). Microalgal communities were dominated by diatoms (> 86% of the total cells), mainly represented by Fragilariopsis, Nitzschia, Navicula and Pseudonitzschia species. Fragilariopsis curta was the dominant species during the first bloom whereas Fragilariopsis cylindrus, Nitzschia longissima and Tropidoneis sp. were the main contributors during the second bloom at the bottom ice core. Maximum protozoan abundance was recorded during the fall bloom in the surface layer with dominance of ciliates, which contributed more than 75% of total cell numbers. During this period, the maximum ciliate abundance was associated with the maximum bacteria and diatom numbers and microalgal biomass. The dramatic decrease of the ice algal biomass from south to north paralleled that of the underlying water phytoplankton available for new ice incorporation. The spatial algal biomass decrease could explain the parallel decrease in the abundance of bacteria and heterotrophic ciliates through trophic interactions. KEY WORDS: Antarctica · Land-fast ice · Microbial communities · Chlorophyll a · Nutrients Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherAquat Microb Ecol 43: [95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106] 2006 (Watanabe et , Garrison & Buck 1991, Archer et al. 1996, McMinn 1996, Moro et al. 2000, Riaux-Gobin et al. 2000. However, phytoflagellates are often dominant during spring in the upper sea ice (Stoecker et al. 1997(Stoecker et al. , 1998. Sea ice contains a wide variety of bacterial assemblages. Most bacteria isolated from sea ice have been found to be pigmented and highly coldadapted, with both free-living and epiphytic bacteria present (Grossi et al. 1984). Most taxa isolated from sea ice belong to the γ-proteobacteria and the CytophagaFlavobacterium-Bacteroides division (Bowman et al. 1997, Gozink et al. 1998, Junge et al. 1998, Nichols et al. 1999, Reddy et al. 2002. 16S rDNA clone library analysis corroborated these culture data (Brown & Bowman 2001). Heterotrophic protozoa are also present in sea ice (Garrison & Buck 1991, Stoecker et al. 1993, Song & Wilbert 2002 and are mainly composed of ciliates, nanoflagellates and dinoflagellates (Archer et al. 1996, Garrison et al. 2005). They play a major role in the removal of algal and bacterial biomass in Antarctic waters (Becquevort et al. 2000, Caron et al. 2000, Vaqué et al. 2004. Despite the lack of data on th...

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confidence: 74%

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial and seasonal heterogeneity of sea ice microbial communities in the first-year ice of Terre Adélie area (Antarctica)

Fiala¹,

Kuosa²,

Kopczyńska³

et al. 2006

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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“…on 29 November 1993; Archer et al 1996), and grazing by P. antarctica is not sufficient to account for the drop in Chl a values within the ice.…”

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confidence: 99%

Life cycle plasticity and differential growth and development in marine and lacustrine populations of an Antarctic copepod

Swadling

McKinnon

De’ath

et al. 2004

Limnology & Oceanography

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We examined life cycle plasticity in two populations of the copepod Paralabidocera antarctica, one of which inhabits the coastal sea ice belt of Antarctica and the other of which has been isolated in a nearby saline lake for several thousand generations. Similarities in the life cycles of the two populations included long overwintering phases (Ͼ5 months) by late-stage nauplii, rapid development through the copepodid stages, and a short adult life span of 2-3 weeks. Adults appeared in late spring or early summer and spawned and died soon after. However, the life cycle of the lacustrine population was much less tightly regulated than at the marine site; animals were rarely found living within the lake ice, and synchrony in the developmental cycle was diminished. It is likely that a combination of factors, including ice hardness, a lack of predation threat, and a consistent food supply has freed the lacustrine population from the constraints imposed by living within the ice cover. Instantaneous growth rates calculated for the marine site showed a variable growth rate (0.04-0.14 d Ϫ1 ). The lacustrine population in general had faster growth rates than the marine population (0.10-0.26 d Ϫ1 ) and reached maturity at a smaller size. This is attributed, in part, to the higher environmental temperatures experienced by the lacustrine population.The life history strategies of marine zooplankton are influenced by the physical and chemical environment they inhabit and by other biota in that environment. Because perturbations in physical and biological aspects of marine ecosystems are common on both temporal and spatial scales, plasticity in the life cycles of zooplankton can facilitate their continued exploitation of a habitat.Copepods are an important component of most zooplankton assemblages, and factors that influence their growth and development will have a significant effect on secondary production and energy transfer through the marine food web. Although some species (e.g., Oithona similis) appear to be circumglobal in their distribution (Conover and Huntley 1991), others are restricted to narrower geographical ranges. Species with restricted distributions are constrained from inhabiting previously unoccupied environments by a combination of physical (e.g

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Sea Ice Microorganisms

Gradinger

2003

Encyclopedia of Environmental Microbiology

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Microbial ecology of sea ice at a coastal Antarctic site:community composition, biomass and temporal change

Cited by 74 publications

References 19 publications

Spatial and seasonal heterogeneity of sea ice microbial communities in the first-year ice of Terre Adélie area (Antarctica)

Spatial and seasonal heterogeneity of sea ice microbial communities in the first-year ice of Terre Adélie area (Antarctica)

Life cycle plasticity and differential growth and development in marine and lacustrine populations of an Antarctic copepod

Sea Ice Microorganisms

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