Microbial dysbiosis in periodontitis

Nath, Sameera G; Raveendran, Ranjith

doi:10.4103/0972-124x.118334

Cited by 46 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…T he two principal clinical phenotypes of periodontal disease are chronic periodontitis (CP) and aggressive periodontitis (AgP), which present distinctive clinicopathologic features, such as: 1) age of onset; 2) progression rate; 3) destruction pattern; 4) clinical signs of inflammation; and 5) presence and formation of dental biofilm and calculus. 1,2 In contrast to CP, early onset and rapid periodontal tissue destruction, usually attributed to an altered immune response against periodontal pathogens, 3 are characteristics of AgP. 1,[3][4][5][6][7][8][9] In this context, host immune response has a central role in pathogenesis of periodontitis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Immature, but Not Mature, Dendritic Cells Are More Often Present in Aggressive Periodontitis Than Chronic Periodontitis: An Immunohistochemical Study

Motta

Tirapelli

Silva

et al. 2016

Journal of Periodontology

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confidence: 99%

Immature, but Not Mature, Dendritic Cells Are More Often Present in Aggressive Periodontitis Than Chronic Periodontitis: An Immunohistochemical Study

Motta

Tirapelli

Silva

et al. 2016

Journal of Periodontology

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“…Bacterial phyla Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria , and Bacteroidetes dominate the oral microbiota, accounting for 80-95 % of the total species (5). These microorganisms normally harmoniously co-exist with their host due to coevolution, however, behavioral factors such as poor oral hygiene and diet, debilitated immune systems, genetics, medication and, certain diseases can lead to a dysbiotic oral ecosystem (6). This microbial imbalance is normally associated with an overgrowth of pathogenic microorganisms, which can lead to more susceptibility to oral illness (7, 8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the oral microbiome of medically controlled type-2 diabetes patients

Santos

Martins-Mendes

Gayà-Vidal

et al. 2020

Preprint

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28Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that is becoming a 29 significant global health care problem. Several studies have shown that people with 30 diabetes are more susceptible to oral problems, such as periodontitis and, although the 31 causes are still inconclusive, the oral microbiota seems to be an important factor in this 32 interaction. This study aimed to characterize the oral microbiome of a sample representing 33 T2DM patients from Portugal and exploit potential associations between some 34 microorganisms and variables like teeth brushing, smoking habits, and nutrient intake. 35 By sequencing the hypervariable regions V3-V4 of the 16S rRNA gene in 50 individuals 36 belonging to a group of diabetes patients and a control group, we found a total of 233 37 taxa, from which only 65% were shared between both groups. No differences were found 38 in terms of alpha and beta diversity between groups or habits categories. Also, there were 39 no significant differences in the oral microbiome profiles of control and diabetes patients. 40Only the class Synergistia and the genus TG5, which are related to periodontitis, were 41 statistically more frequent in the control group. This finding can be justified by the fact 42 that these diabetic patients usually have their oral health under close medical control than 43 an average healthy person, which in this study was represented by the control group. 44 45 IMPORTANCE: Diabetes has become a significant global health care issue as its 46 incidence continues to increase exponentially, with type 2 diabetes being responsible for 47 more than 90% of these cases. Portugal is one of the countries with a higher prevalence 48 of diabetes in Europe. It has been reported that diabetic people have an increased risk of 49 developing several health problems such as oral infections mostly caused by opportunistic 50 pathogens. Some studies have pointed out a relationship between diabetes and oral 51 3 microbiome. Therefore, the characterization of the microbial ecosystem of the mouth in 52 reference groups is crucial to provide information to tackle oral health pathogen-borne 53 conditions. In this study, we provide the first characterization of the oral microbiome of 54 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients from Portugal, and therefore, contributing new data and 55 knowledge to elucidate the relationship between diabetes and the oral microbiome. 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 Keywords: oral microbiome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, 63 microbiota, Next-Generation Sequencing, Portugal 64 65 67hyperglycemia caused by defects in insulin secretion, which can contribute to the 68 development of resistance to its action (1, 2). T2DM is becoming more common, also in 69 children and adolescents, and therefore, represents a significant global health care 70 problem (3). 71As more studies are focused on the impact of T2DM on the medium-term patients' health, 72 a growing number of studies have been reporting a close association between diabetes 73 and susce...

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“…By dropping the mouth pH below a critical value (5.5), the dissolution of enamel and so the progressive loss of HA leading to the tooth decay is triggered. Bacteria are also responsible for periodontitis . Nowadays, the main therapies involve the replacement of the damaged tissues; however, the current trend in dentistry is to preserve as much as possible the natural organ and regenerate the lost parts of the teeth and their components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sol–gel bioglasses in dental and periodontal regeneration: A systematic review

et al. 2018

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Due to their osteoconductive and osteoinductive abilities, bioglasses (BGs) have attracted attention in tissue engineering, especially for mineralized tissue. The aim of this study is to review the current state of the art on the effects of BGs produced by sol-gel on cells for dental and periodontal regeneration. The study also discusses associated antibacterial properties. The research was performed by considering the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and the Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The research ranged 5 years' window time (from January, 01, 2012, to August, 31, 2017) and the relevant studies were identified based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria. A total of 45 articles were selected from 244 initial returns, plus seven further articles coming from other sources were selected for the same purpose. From this systematic study, it is revealed that only 13 of the 52 articles have proved both the ability of BGs to differentiate dental cells at genetic level and their ability of triggering cell-mediated mineralization, but only six of them showed, along with cells, the antibacterial properties of the glasses. This review shows that sol-gel BGs are not toxic, can sustain cell proliferation and differentiation at a genetic level, and can keep the bacterial population under control. Moreover, a standard methodology and an ideal material are suggested. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B, 2018.

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Microbial dysbiosis in periodontitis

Cited by 46 publications

References 18 publications

Immature, but Not Mature, Dendritic Cells Are More Often Present in Aggressive Periodontitis Than Chronic Periodontitis: An Immunohistochemical Study

Immature, but Not Mature, Dendritic Cells Are More Often Present in Aggressive Periodontitis Than Chronic Periodontitis: An Immunohistochemical Study

Characterization of the oral microbiome of medically controlled type-2 diabetes patients

Sol–gel bioglasses in dental and periodontal regeneration: A systematic review

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