Immature, but Not Mature, Dendritic Cells Are More Often Present in Aggressive Periodontitis Than Chronic Periodontitis: An Immunohistochemical Study

Abstract

Considering that the ability of DCs to regulate immunity is dependent on DC maturation, results suggest that predominance of imDCs appears to be involved in AgP pathogenesis, probably due to lack of ability to induce immune cell activation. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the role of DC maturation in regulating immune responses in periodontal disease.

Salivary Levels of NLRP3 Inflammasome‐Related Proteins as Potential Biomarkers of Periodontal Clinical Status

“…However, if inflammatory response becomes excessive, it will damage periodontal tissues rather than be protective 10 . Consequently, it could be assumed that host immunoinflammatory responses have a central role in etiopathogenesis of periodontitis 11 …”

FOXP3+ and CD25+ cells are reduced in patients with stage IV, grade C periodontitis: A comparative clinical study

“…In this study, as mentioned above, the differential expression of Treg immunomarkers in III‐B and IV‐C periodontitis patients may be influencing its clinical course. In fact, patients with IV‐C periodontitis appear to have a dysregulated immune system response leading to an inflammatory process and the release of inflammatory mediators that mediate accelerated bone loss . In this context, we have recently shown that the predominance of immature dendritic cells in patients with high rates of periodontal bone resorption seems to be implicated in its pathogenesis, probably due to its inability to induce the activation of immune cells .…”

“…Following the previous methodology, serial sections of 3 µm in thickness were obtained. For each block, four‐section tissues were prepared: one section was stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and the other three were submitted to IHC reactions.…”

“…The cell analysis for CD4, CD25 and FOXP3 markers was performed using a light microscope (Leica DM500) connected to a high‐resolution camera (Leica ICC500) and interconnected to a monitor and computer, such as described by Motta et al Positive cells (brownish colouration) for each antibody were evaluated at a magnification of x100, and areas of a higher density of positive cells were recorded at a magnification of x400 (area of 0.785 mm 2 ). CD4 and CD25 showed a cell membrane staining pattern, whereas FOXP3 exhibited a nuclear staining pattern.…”

Molecular basis for soft tissue management of gingivitis, periodontitis and peri-implant mucositis using an FDA cleared inflammation-targeting hydrogel – high potency polymerized cross-linked sucralfate - A case series illustrated profile of a drug device (Orafate) and the clinical rationale for use

“…Simultaneously, TLR signals subepithelial dendritic cells in the lamina propria to protrude cytoplasmic extension beyond the epithelium to sample antigens for determination of virulence. Dendritic cells embody a separate level of threat perception and can opt to continue with the innate immune response involving epithelial elaboration of greater concentrations of defensins or upgrade the response by activating the adaptive immune response with the secretion of antigen-specific antibodies [38,39], the latter of which recruits involvement of lamina proprial lymphocytes, macrophages, and monocytes.…”