Microbial degradation of paraquat sorbed to plant residues.

Lee, Seog June; Katayama, Arata; Kimura, Makoto

doi:10.1021/jf00053a040

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Rapid microbial degradation of paraquat was demonstrated for those microorganisms associated with plant residues (rice straw, dropwort, and Chinese milk vetch). When the paraquat was mixed with soil, paraquat degradation was slowed [17]. In this study, chlordane was the most recalcitrant compound.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Degradation of pesticides applied to banana farm soil: Comparison of indigenous bacteria and a microbial mat

Murray

Phillips

Bender

1997

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-Indigenous bacteria from St. Vincent (West Indies) banana farm soil, enriched cultures of three isolates, and a microbial mat were tested for their ability to degrade carbofuran, chlordane, paraquat, and prophos. In single-pesticide application experiments, only 35.0% of the parent carbofuran was recovered after 21 d; paraquat recovery was 40.0%, and chlordane, 91.0%. In a mixture containing each pesticide, 42.0% of the parent carbofuran was recovered, and paraquat and chlordane recoveries were 52.0% and 94.0%, respectively. A microbial mat and the isolates were shown to mineralize [ 14 C]carbofuran. Best results (93.11 g [ 14 C]carbofuran/kg dry microbial mat) were from a 15-d dark soil experiment. In field trials, the concentration of carbofuran decreased 82% with microbial mat treatment, and control plot concentrations actually increased 26%. The concentration of prophos decreased significantly after 4 d (0-6 mg/kg) in the plots with a microbial mat, whereas in control plots it increased from 7 to 12 mg/kg at day 0 to 180 mg/kg at day 4. After 60 d prophos was not detected in any microbial mat plot, whereas all but one control plot had it (0-12 mg/kg) in the soil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Degradation of pesticides applied to banana farm soil: Comparison of indigenous bacteria and a microbial mat

Murray

Phillips

Bender

1997

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…We designed oligonucleotide primers from this conserved region using sequence data previously reported for CYP6 (cytochrome P450 family 6) isoforms obtained from insecticide-resistant insects including house¯y (Musca domestica L), 3 cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera Hu È bn), 4 and fruit¯y (Drosophila melanogaster Meig). 5 A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using degenerate primers and larval gut cDNA as a template. A cDNA encoding a cytochrome P450 was cloned and found to belong to CYP6 family.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 Aerobic soil laboratory studies were carried out over a range of temperatures (5±51°C) for 56 days. Soil was spiked with [ 14 C]cloransulam-methyl and analyzed for parent and metabolites in solution and sorbed phases, soil respiration, [ 14 C] carbon dioxide and bound residue.…”

Section: Cloransulam-methylmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors controlling degradation of pesticides in soil

Sims

Cupples

1999

Pestic. Sci.

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“…There the nitrogen content ofthe residue may play a role in paraquat degradation with a high C:N ratio in the residue accelerating decomposition. Lee et al (1995) observed that paraquat degraded faster on rice straw (C: N = 52) than on vetch (C: N = 17), and that added nitrogen slowed the rate of degradation under most conditions. Thus if paraquat has an effect on the degradation of crop residues then it should be strongest with surface residues that have a high C: N ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effect of the Herbicide Paraquat on the Decomposition of Wheat Straw

Hunter

1997

J Agronomy Crop Science

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The effect l,r-dimethyl-4,4'-bipridinium dichloride (paraquat) has on wheat residue decomposition was investigated in laboratory studies. Field dried straw containing 0.30 % nitrogen and 42.9 % C was incubated in laboratory bioreactors for 8 weeks. Treatment combinations per gram of straw were control (no paraquat or spreader), 0.26, 2.6, and 26 ng paraquat, 0.7 nl Valent X-77,0.26 ng paraquat plus spreader and 2.6 ng paraquat plus spreader. Decomposition was monitored by CO, production and dry weight changes. Neither paraquat nor its spreader, alone or in combination, were found to effect CO2 production or dry weight Ioss. Paraquat should not increase the rate of wheat straw decomposition at field application rates.

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Microbial degradation of paraquat sorbed to plant residues.

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Degradation of pesticides applied to banana farm soil: Comparison of indigenous bacteria and a microbial mat

Degradation of pesticides applied to banana farm soil: Comparison of indigenous bacteria and a microbial mat

Factors controlling degradation of pesticides in soil

Effect of the Herbicide Paraquat on the Decomposition of Wheat Straw

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