Microbial biofilms and human disease: A concise review

Yadav, Mukesh; Song, Jae‐Jun; Vidal, Jorge E.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-64279-0.00001-3

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…The complex array of chemically and functionally diverse biomolecules in the Eps has been termed the matrixome [ 6 ], which contributes to the peculiar characteristics of biofilm behavior. According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), bacterial biofilms are responsible for up to 75% of infectious diseases in humans, as implant-related infections and/or tissue-associated infections [ 7 ]. In the European Union and European Economic Area, 8.9 million healthcare-associated infection episodes per year are due to biofilms [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopy Methods for Biofilm Imaging: Focus on SEM and VP-SEM Pros and Cons

Relucenti

Familiari

Donfrancesco

et al. 2021

Biology

111

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Several imaging methodologies have been used in biofilm studies, contributing to deepening the knowledge on their structure. This review illustrates the most widely used microscopy techniques in biofilm investigations, focusing on traditional and innovative scanning electron microscopy techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), variable pressure SEM (VP-SEM), environmental SEM (ESEM), and the more recent ambiental SEM (ASEM), ending with the cutting edge Cryo-SEM and focused ion beam SEM (FIB SEM), highlighting the pros and cons of several methods with particular emphasis on conventional SEM and VP-SEM. As each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages, the choice of the most appropriate method must be done carefully, based on the specific aim of the study. The evaluation of the drug effects on biofilm requires imaging methods that show the most detailed ultrastructural features of the biofilm. In this kind of research, the use of scanning electron microscopy with customized protocols such as osmium tetroxide (OsO4), ruthenium red (RR), tannic acid (TA) staining, and ionic liquid (IL) treatment is unrivalled for its image quality, magnification, resolution, minimal sample loss, and actual sample structure preservation. The combined use of innovative SEM protocols and 3-D image analysis software will allow for quantitative data from SEM images to be extracted; in this way, data from images of samples that have undergone different antibiofilm treatments can be compared.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopy Methods for Biofilm Imaging: Focus on SEM and VP-SEM Pros and Cons

Relucenti

Familiari

Donfrancesco

et al. 2021

Biology

111

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“…Staphylococcus aureus is the causative agent of a wide variety of infections in humans and other mammals, owing mainly to the variability of the many virulence factors that it possesses. In particular, this pathogen has the ability to adopt the biofilm lifestyle on tissues and medical device surfaces this conferring several advantages such as evasion of host immunity, which may lead to infection chronicity 1 . Biofilm formation during chronicity is one of the staphylococcal strategies that contributes to the failure of antibacterial therapy 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salicylic acid stabilizes Staphylococcus aureus biofilm by impairing the agr quorum-sensing system

Dotto

Serrat

Ledesma

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Salicylic acid (SAL) has recently been shown to induce biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus and to affect the expression of virulence factors. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of SAL on the regulatory agr system and its impact on S. aureus biofilm formation. The agr quorum-sensing system, which is a central regulator in S. aureus pathogenicity, plays a pivotal role in the dispersal of S. aureus mature biofilms and contributes to the creation of new colonization sites. Here, we demonstrate that SAL impairs biofilm dispersal by interfering with agr expression. As revealed by our work, protease and surfactant molecule production is diminished, and bacterial cell autolysis is also negatively affected by SAL. Furthermore, as a consequence of SAL treatment, the S. aureus biofilm matrix revealed the lack of extracellular DNA. In silico docking and simulation of molecular dynamics provided evidence for a potential interaction of AgrA and SAL, resulting in reduced activity of the agr system. In conclusion, SAL stabilized the mature S. aureus biofilms, which may prevent bacterial cell dissemination. However, it may foster the establishment of infections locally and consequently increase bacterial persistence leading to therapeutic failure.

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“…Biofilm is a community of microbes embedded in a self‐secreted matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Biofilms contribute to a significant number of cases (>65%) in healthcare‐associated infections (Yadav et al, 2020) and are also a leading contributor to foodborne disease outbreaks (Srey et al, 2013). These biofilms are resistant to removal or disinfection due to the protective effect of their EPS matrix, a slow growth rate of bacteria in biofilms, and the presence of persister cells (Hall‐Stoodley et al, 2004; Høiby et al, 2010; Yadav et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biofilms contribute to a significant number of cases (>65%) in healthcare‐associated infections (Yadav et al, 2020) and are also a leading contributor to foodborne disease outbreaks (Srey et al, 2013). These biofilms are resistant to removal or disinfection due to the protective effect of their EPS matrix, a slow growth rate of bacteria in biofilms, and the presence of persister cells (Hall‐Stoodley et al, 2004; Høiby et al, 2010; Yadav et al, 2020). The protection by EPS matrix results from the biopolymer composition that neutralizes antimicrobials (Hall‐Stoodley et al, 2004; Kim, 2016; Yadav et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling bioaffinity‐based targeted delivery of antimicrobials to Escherichia coli biofilms using yeast microparticles. Part I: Model development and numerical simulation

Huang

Nitin

2021

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Biofilms are potential reservoirs for pathogenic microbes leading to a significant challenge for food safety, ecosystems, and human health. Various micro‐and nanoparticles have been experimentally evaluated to improve biofilm inactivation by targeted delivery of antimicrobials. However, the role of transport processes and reaction kinetics of these delivery systems are not well understood. In this study, a mechanistic modeling approach was developed to understand the targeted delivery of chlorine to an Escherichia coli biofilm using a novel bioaffinity‐based yeast microparticle. Biofilm inactivation by this delivery system was numerically simulated as a combination of reaction kinetics and transport phenomena. Simulation results demonstrate that the targeted delivery system achieved 7 log reduction within 16.2 min, while the equivalent level of conventional free chlorine achieved only 3.6 log reduction for the same treatment time. These numerical results matched the experimental observations in our previous study. This study illustrates the potential of a mechanistic modeling approach to improve fundamental understanding and guide the design of targeted inactivation of biofilms using biobased particles.

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Microbial biofilms and human disease: A concise review

Cited by 14 publications

References 116 publications

Microscopy Methods for Biofilm Imaging: Focus on SEM and VP-SEM Pros and Cons

Microscopy Methods for Biofilm Imaging: Focus on SEM and VP-SEM Pros and Cons

Salicylic acid stabilizes Staphylococcus aureus biofilm by impairing the agr quorum-sensing system

Modeling bioaffinity‐based targeted delivery of antimicrobials to Escherichia coli biofilms using yeast microparticles. Part I: Model development and numerical simulation

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