Microalbuminuria, renal function and waist:hip ratio in black hypertensive Jamaicans

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the relationship between blood pressure (BP), renal haemodynamics, anthropometric measures of obesity and urinary albumin excretion in hypertension and in a control group. Methods: Urinary albumin, BP and anthropometric measurements were carried out in patients attending the hypertension clinic of the University Hospital of the West Indies. A randomised stratified sample was then selected for renal haemodynamic assessment. A normoalbuminuric control group without hypertension or diabetes was also selected. Renal haemodynamics was assessed by measuring glomerular filtration rate using 51-chromium edetic acid (51Cr-EDTA) and renal blood flow using 125-iodohippurate (125-PAH). Results: Urinary albumin excretion was positively and significantly correlated with systolic pressure (␤ ‫؍‬ 0.011, P Ͻ 0.003, R ‫؍‬ 0.22), current body weight (␤ ‫؍‬ 0.014, P Ͻ 0.04, R ‫؍‬ 0.15) and the presence of diabetes (␤ ‫؍‬ 0.9, P Ͻ 0.001, R ‫؍‬ 0.3). In the sample selected for

Microalbuminuria in urban Zimbabwean women

“…In a study of middle-aged hypertensive Jamaicans, the prevalence Journal of Human Hypertension was 27%. 45 Based on the high levels of MAU in black hypertensives in other populations 44,45 and the high proportion of hypertension in Zimbabwean women, 6 a very high level of MAU might have been expected in the study population, particularly, in the older Zimbabwean women. However, the level of MAU in Zimbabwean women with hypertension in the different age groups ranged from 0 to 19%, proportions that fall in the middle to lower end of the levels reported in other studies (0-40%), 12,44,45 and thus the level of MAU is relatively moderate compared to other populations.…”

“…45 Based on the high levels of MAU in black hypertensives in other populations 44,45 and the high proportion of hypertension in Zimbabwean women, 6 a very high level of MAU might have been expected in the study population, particularly, in the older Zimbabwean women. However, the level of MAU in Zimbabwean women with hypertension in the different age groups ranged from 0 to 19%, proportions that fall in the middle to lower end of the levels reported in other studies (0-40%), 12,44,45 and thus the level of MAU is relatively moderate compared to other populations. 46 Comparison of the levels of MAU in different populations are complicated by the use of differing criteria for MAU, ways of measuring albumin excretion, lack of information on age-specific prevalences, and because of variations in the method of BP measurements and the definition of hypertension.…”

“…This is in contrast to many studies that have reported a positive association between some measures of adiposity such as BMI and increased albumin excretion, 19,20,46 although a Jamaican study did not find an association between ACR and measures of obesity such as BMI. 45 It was unexpected because we had previously found that higher BMI is strongly related to higher BP in this group of Zimbabwean women. 6 One possible explanation for our findings is that creatinine output is correlated with body surface area.…”

Obesidade visceral, hipertensão arterial e risco cárdio-renal: uma revisão

“…Obesidade Visceral e Risco Cárdio-Renal negras, nota-se uma adversidade hemodinâmica renal, refletida pelo aumento na resistência vascular renal, diminuição no fluxo plasmático renal e aumento na taxa de filtração glomerular e fração de filtração (80)(81)(82). Tais alterações, em conjunto, vêm a determinar uma curva de excreção de sal mais prolongada e associada à não supressão adequada da renina plasmática mediante sobrecarga salina.…”

Central Body Fat Distribution Associates with Unfavorable Renal Hemodynamics Independent of Body Mass Index

“…[1][2][3] The mechanisms underlying this increased renal risk in association with a central body fat distribution are not well established. Small studies suggest that central body fat distribution is associated with an unfavorable renal hemodynamic profile; 11,12 however, these studies did not control for concomitant presence of overall weight excess as commonly reflected by body mass index (BMI), a well established determinant of an unfavorable renal hemodynamic profile in itself. 5,13 We therefore investigated whether body fat distribution is associated with renal hemodynamics, independent of BMI, in a cohort of 315 normotensive persons with normal fasting glucose levels.…”