Micro-/nanoscale electroporation

Chang, Lingqian; Li, Lei; Shi, Junfeng; Yan, Sheng; Lu, Wu; Gallego‐Perez, Daniel; Lee, Ly James

doi:10.1039/c6lc00840b

Cited by 96 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…These micro/nanostructure‐mediated local electric fields can more gently penetrate the cell membrane, and the resulting cell damage can be almost negligible. [ 155 ] In 2013, Xie et al developed a nanoelectroporation delivery system by coupling electroporation with the nanostraws to transfect CHO cells with high efficiency (≈80%) and excellent cell viability ( Figure a,b). [ 94 ] The intimate contact of nanostraws and the cell membrane locally concentrated the electric field, significantly reducing the required electroporation voltage, and enabling uniform poration over large numbers of cells.…”

Section: Assisted Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoneedle Platforms: The Many Ways to Pierce the Cell Membrane

He¹,

Hu²,

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

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Establishing techniques to efficiently and nondestructively access the intracellular milieu is essential for many biomedical and scientific applications, ranging from drug delivery, to electrical recording, to biochemical detection. Cell penetration using nanoneedle arrays is currently a research focus area because it not only meets the increasing therapeutic demands of cell modifications and genome editing, but also provides an ideal platform for tracking long-term intracellular information. Although the precise mechanism driving membrane penetration by nanoneedle arrays is still unclear, the low cytotoxicity, wide range of delivered materials, diverse cell type targets, and simple material structures of nanoneedle arrays make these splendid platforms for cell access. Here, the recent progress in this field is reviewed by examining device architectures and discussing mechanisms for nanoneedle penetration, and the major studies demonstrating the most general applicability of nanoneedle arrays, typical methodologies to access the intracellular environment using nanoneedles with spontaneous or assisted penetration modes, as well as biosafety aspects are presented. This review should be valuable for deeply understanding the materials fabrication principles, device designs, cell penetration methodologies, biosafety aspects, and application strategies of nanoneedle array-based systems that are of crucial importance for the development of future practical biomedical platforms.

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Section: Assisted Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoneedle Platforms: The Many Ways to Pierce the Cell Membrane

He¹,

Hu²,

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

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“…This conclusion is relevant in the context of delivery and sampling via electroporation. This lack of uniformity and efficiency is a major source of technical noise for both bulk and micro/nano electroporation platforms [64], which hinders translation to practical applications such as the study of biological heterogeneity at the single-cell level.…”

Section: Molecular Transport Is Uniform Over a Broader Voltage Range mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Combined Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Localized Electroporation-based Transfection and Sampling

Mukherjee¹,

Nathamgari²,

Kessler³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Localized electroporation has evolved as an effective technology for the delivery of foreign molecules into adherent cells, and more recently, for the sampling of cytosolic content from a small population of cells. Unlike bulk electroporation, where the electric field is poorly controlled, localized electroporation benefits from the spatial localization of the electric field on a small areal fraction of the cell membrane, resulting in efficient molecular transport and high cell-viability.Although there have been numerous experimental reports, a mechanistic understanding of the different parameters involved in localized electroporation is lacking. In this work, we developed a multiphysics model that a) predicts the electro-pore distribution in response to the local transmembrane potential and b) calculates the molecular transport into and out of the cell based on the predicted pore-sizes. Using the model, we identify that cell membrane tension plays a crucial role in enhancing both the amount and the uniformity of molecular transport, particularly for large proteins and plasmids. We qualitatively validate the model predictions by delivering large molecules (fluorescent-tagged bovine serum albumin and mCherry encoding plasmid) and by sampling an exogeneous protein (tdTomato) in an engineered cell line. The findings presented here should inform the future design of microfluidic devices for localized electroporation based sampling, eventually paving the way for temporal, single-cell analysis.

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“…The electroporation technique has numerous applications, such as the delivery of exogenous reagents like genes, drugs, and nanoparticles or the extraction of intracellular components like proteins, nucleic acids, etc. [6,7]. It also plays an important role in recent breakthroughs such as gene editing (CRISPR-Cas9) [8,9] and cell reprogramming (induced neurons) [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Electroporation Device with Microbead-Enhanced Electric Field for Bacterial Inactivation

et al. 2019

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This paper presents an electroporation device with high bacterial inactivation performance (~4.75 log removal). Inside the device, insulating silica microbeads are densely packed between two mesh electrodes that enable enhancement of the local electric field strength, allowing improved electroporation of bacterial cells. The inactivation performance of the device is evaluated using two model bacteria, including one Gram-positive bacterium (Enterococcus faecalis) and one Gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli) under various applied voltages. More than 4.5 log removal of bacteria is obtained for the applied electric field strength of 2 kV/cm at a flowrate of 4 mL/min. The effect of microbeads on the inactivation performance is assessed by comparing the performance of the microbead device with that of the device having no microbeads under same operating conditions. The comparison results show that only 0.57 log removal is achieved for the device having no microbeads—eightfold lower than for the device with microbeads.

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Micro-/nanoscale electroporation

Cited by 96 publications

References 136 publications

Nanoneedle Platforms: The Many Ways to Pierce the Cell Membrane

Nanoneedle Platforms: The Many Ways to Pierce the Cell Membrane

A Combined Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Localized Electroporation-based Transfection and Sampling

An Electroporation Device with Microbead-Enhanced Electric Field for Bacterial Inactivation

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