Micro-analytical systems for national security applications

This mini-review focuses on the latest developments in the field of micro- and nanostructures in gas chromatography (GC). Significant progress has been made in recent years in designing miniaturized structures, for example, structures based on cyclodextrins. These are now commercially available and thus not the topic of this short review. Rather, we concentrate here on on-going research activities on nanoparticles, micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and metal-organic framework (MOF) supports as well as state-of-the-art column geometries, with particular emphasis on lab-on-a-chip columns, which undoubtedly will find their way into regular GC developments in the future.

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“…This is currently followed by the MEMS GC technology for fieldportable, battery-operated applications in the near future. [57][58][59][60] …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro- and nanostructures and their application in gas chromatography

Mittermüller

Volmer

2012

Analyst

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“…These two analytical microsystems were developed through broad-based efforts at the University of Michigan (70,71,73,83,84) and at Sandia National Laboratories (72,78,85,86), respectively. They usually contain a sample inlet with particulate filter, a multistage preconcentrator/focuser, a gas-chromatographic separation module with pressure-and temperature-programmed separation tuning, an array of microsensors for analyte recognition and…”

Section: Tunable Integrated Analysis Microsystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Microsensor Systems

Gutierrez‐Osuna

Hierlemann

2010

Annual Rev. Anal. Chem.

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We provide a broad review of approaches for developing chemosensor systems whose operating parameters can adapt in response to environmental changes or application needs. Adaptation may take place at the instrumentation level (e.g., tunable sensors) and at the data-analysis level (e.g., adaptive classifiers). We discuss several strategies that provide tunability at the device level: modulation of internal sensing parameters, such as frequencies and operation voltages; variation of external parameters, such as exposure times and catalysts; and development of compact microanalysis systems with multiple tuning options. At the data-analysis level, we consider adaptive filters for change, interference, and drift rejection; pattern classifiers that can adapt to changes in the statistical properties of training data; and active-sensing techniques that can tune sensing parameters in real time. We conclude with a discussion of future opportunities for adaptive sensing in wireless distributed sensor systems.

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“…Such analyses are highly applicable for homeland security, space exploration, on-site or distributed environmental monitoring mechanisms, food assessment, etc. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. In a typical GC system, the sample mixture is first collected on an adsorbent bed referred to as the pre-concentrator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%