Michigan's forests 2004

Pugh, Scott A.; Hansen, Mark; Pedersen, Lawrence D.; Heym, Douglas C.; Butler, Brett J.; Crocker, Susan J.; Meneguzzo, Dacia M.; Perry, Charles H.; Haugen, David E.; Woodall, Christopher W.; Jepsen, Ed

doi:10.2737/nrs-rb-34

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Tornados and gales associated with intense low pressure also cause wind damage, but non-tornadic winds associated with thunderstorms inflict the most damage to forests (Peterson 2004). The contemporary landscape of the area is also partly a product of extensive logging and development (Radeloff et al 2005, Perry et al 2008, Pugh et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological importance of intermediate windstorms rivals large, infrequent disturbances in the northern Great Lakes

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Exogenous disturbances are critical agents of change in temperate forests capable of damaging trees and influencing forest structure, composition, demography, and ecosystem processes. Forest disturbances of intermediate magnitude and intensity receive relatively sparse attention, particularly at landscape scales, despite influencing most forests at least once per generation. Contextualizing the spatial extent and heterogeneity of such damage is of paramount importance to increasing our understanding of forested ecosystems. We investigated patterns of intermediate wind disturbance across a forested landscape in the northern Great Lakes, USA. A vegetation change tracker (VCT) algorithm was utilized for processing near-biennial Landsat data stacks ) spanning forests sustaining damage from four recent windstorms. VCT predominantly maps stand-clearing disturbance and regrowth patterns, which were used to identify forest boundaries, young stands, and disturbance patterns across space and time. To map wind damage severity, we compared satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values calculated from pre-and post-storm Landsat imagery. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to derive wind damage predictor variables from VCT, digital terrain, soils/landform, land cover, and storm tracking data. Hierarchical and random forests regressions were applied to rank the relative importance of predictor variables in influencing wind damage.A conservative estimate of aggregate damage from the intermediate windstorms (extrapolated to ;150,000 ha, ;25,500 severe) rivaled individual large, infrequent disturbances in the region. Damage patterns were relatively congruent among storms and became more spatially heterogeneous with increasing disturbance intensity. Proximity to forest-nonforest edge, stand age, and soils/landform were consistently important damage predictors. The spatial extent and distribution of the first two damage predictors are extremely sensitive to anthropogenic modifications of forested landscapes, the most important disturbance agent in the northern Great Lakes. This provides circumstantial evidence suggesting anthropogenic activities are augmenting and/or diminishing the ecological effects of the natural wind disturbance regime. Natural disturbances of intermediate size and intensity are significant agents of change in this region, and likely in other regions, deserving more attention from ecologists and biogeographers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological importance of intermediate windstorms rivals large, infrequent disturbances in the northern Great Lakes

et al. 2011

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“…(Michigan Department of Natural Resources 2011a; Pugh et al 2009Pugh et al , 2012Slaughter et al 2007, Tepley et al 2004Weber et al 2007) Diseases such as mistletoe lead to damage and mortality. Deer herbivory results in reduced growth and mortality of seedlings and saplings of target browse species.…”

Section: Forest Wildlifementioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Pugh et al 2009(Pugh et al , 2012Tepley et al 2004;Weber et al 2007) insect pests such as emerald ash borer and gypsy moth cause reduced growth or mortality of target species.…”

Section: Forest Wildlifementioning

confidence: 99%

“…, Hale et al 2005 Invasive plants such as garlic mustard, Pennsylvania sedge, Japanese barberry, and European buckthorn reduce suitable conditions for natural regeneration, facilitate other exotic species, and alter understory plant communities. (Powers and Nagel 2009;Pugh et al 2009Pugh et al , 2012Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources 2004, 2010a insect pests such as emerald ash borer, forest tent caterpillar, gypsy moth, and white pine tip weevil cause reduced growth or mortality of target species.…”

Section: Forest Wildlifementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Invasive plants such as reed canarygrass, multiflora rose, and European buckthorn reduce suitable conditions for natural regeneration, facilitate other exotic species, and alter understory plant communities. (Pugh et al 2009(Pugh et al , 2012; Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources 2012)…”

Section: Forest Wildlifementioning

confidence: 99%

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Forest ecosystem vulnerability assessment and synthesis for northern Wisconsin and western Upper Michigan: a report from the Northwoods Climate Change Response Framework project

Janowiak¹,

Iverson²,

Mladenoff³

et al. 2014

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Forest ecosystems across the Northwoods will face direct and indirect impacts from a changing climate over the 21st century. This assessment evaluates the vulnerability of forest ecosystems in the Laurentian Mixed Forest Province of northern Wisconsin and western Upper Michigan under a range of future climates. We synthesized and summarized information on the contemporary landscape, provided information on past climate trends, and described a range of projected future climates. This information was used to parameterize and run multiple vegetation impact models, which provided a range of potential vegetative responses to climate. Finally, we brought these results before a multidisciplinary panel of scientists and land managers familiar with the forests of this region to assess ecosystem vulnerability through a formal consensus-based expert elicitation process.The summary of the contemporary landscape identifies major forest trends and stressors currently threatening forests in the region. Observed trends in climate over the past century reveal that precipitation increased in the area, particularly in summer and fall, and that daily maximum temperatures increased, particularly in winter. Projected climate trends for the next 100 years using downscaled global climate model data indicate a potential increase in mean annual temperature of 2 to 9 °F for the assessment area. Projections for precipitation indicate an increase in winter and spring precipitation, and summer and fall precipitation projections vary by scenario. We identified potential impacts on forests by incorporating these future climate projections into three forest impact models (Tree Atlas, LANDIS-II, and PnET-CN). Model projections suggest that northern boreal species such as black spruce, quaking aspen, and paper birch may fare worse under future conditions, but other species may benefit from projected changes in climate. Published literature on climate impacts related to wildfire, invasive species, and forest pests and diseases also contributed to the overall determination of climate change vulnerability. We assessed vulnerability for nine forest communities in the assessment area. The assessment was conducted through a formal elicitation process of 19 science and management experts from across the area, who considered vulnerability in terms of the potential impacts and the adaptive capacity for an individual community. Upland spruce-fir, lowland conifers, aspen-birch, lowland-riparian hardwoods, and red pine forests were determined to be the most vulnerable ecosystems. White pine and oak forests were perceived as less vulnerable to projected changes in climate. These projected changes in climate and the associated impacts and vulnerabilities will have important implications for economically valuable timber species, forestdependent wildlife and plants, recreation, and long-term natural resource planning. ABSTRACT Cover PhotoLake of the Clouds in western Upper Michigan. Photo by Scott Pearson, used with permission.

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Development history and bibliography of the US Forest Service crown-condition indicator for forest health monitoring

Randolph

2012

Environ Monit Assess

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Comprehensive assessment of individual-tree crown condition by the US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program has its origins in the concerns about widespread forest decline in Europe and North America that developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Programs such as the US National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program, US National Vegetation Survey, Canadian Acid Rain National Early Warning System, and joint US-Canadian North American Sugar Maple Decline Project laid the groundwork for the development of the US Forest Service crown-condition indicator. The crown-condition assessment protocols were selected and refined through literature review, peer review, and field studies in several different forest types during the late 1980s and early 1990s. Between 1980 and 2011, 126 publications relating specifically to the crown-condition indicator were added to the literature. The majority of the articles were published by the US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service or other State or Federal government agency, and more than half were published after 2004.

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Michigan's forests 2004

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Ecological importance of intermediate windstorms rivals large, infrequent disturbances in the northern Great Lakes

Ecological importance of intermediate windstorms rivals large, infrequent disturbances in the northern Great Lakes

Forest ecosystem vulnerability assessment and synthesis for northern Wisconsin and western Upper Michigan: a report from the Northwoods Climate Change Response Framework project

Development history and bibliography of the US Forest Service crown-condition indicator for forest health monitoring

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