Métodos de estimativa de peso corporal e altura em adultos hospitalizados: uma análise comparativa

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the values obtained through methods directed to height and body weight estimates in relation to measurements taken from hospitalized adult. Study participants were 142 adults of both genders. Anthropometric measurements of body weight, height, knee height, arm length, span, demi-span, recumbent height, calf, arm and abdominal circumferences and subscapular skinfold thickness were taken. The actual measurements were compared with those obtained from formulas for estimating weight and height, using the paired t test. The estimated measurements differed significantly (p <0.001) from the actual measurements in both genders, observing the tendency of overestimating these measurements. The exception was the estimated height for men by the formula that utilizes the variable knee height (p> 0.001). The average estimated body weight closest to the actual body weight for men was obtained with the formula that used the measurements of arm, abdominal and calf circumferences. For women, the biggest coincidences were obtained by means of the formula that utilizes the variable knee height. For both men and women, the averages related to the body mass index, calculated through estimated body weight and height measurements resulted in the same nutritional diagnosis when compared to the body mass index involving actual measurements. The estimated height by the formula that utilizes the variable knee height among men was the only measurement which did not represent significant differences. Other methodologies for estimating body weight and height presented significant differences, which suggests that new studies using other methodologies are necessary.

Agreement among methods for study estimation of elderly height at the nutrition ambulatory

“…Melo et al 6 , when evaluating estimated height in a sample of 142 adults of both sexes, using the Means Comparison Test, observed a significant difference between measured stature and estimated height by semi-span. However, these tests do not seem to be the most adequate in this type of evaluation 14 .…”

“…Melo et al 6 evaluated methods to estimate height, among them, Chumlea formula, with a sample composed of 142 adults of both sexes. This formula was the only one not presenting significant difference with the measured stature.…”

Comparação dos métodos de estimativa de peso e altura em pacientes hospitalizados

“…Além do uso para determinação das necessidades nutricionais e prescrição dietoterápica, o peso e a altura são importantes para o cálculo da oferta de medicamentos e sedativos, tratamento dialítico, oferta hídrica e cálculo de índices de função cardíaca (CAMPOS et al, 2012;MELO et al, 2014). A altura também é uma medida que se correlaciona com o volume pulmonar e é utilizada para o ajuste de parâmetros ventilatórios de pacientes em ventilação mecânica.…”

“…O CBR foi obtido com o indivíduo em posição ortostática, com braço flexionado ao lado do tronco formando um ângulo de 90° com o antebraço, e a palma da mão voltada para dentro. Uma fita métrica foi utilizada para medir a distância entre a ponta do processo acromial da escápula e o processo olécrano da ulna (MELO et al, 2014).…”

“…As medidas CB, CP, CA foram determinadas através de uma fita métrica conforme metodologia realizada por MELO et al (2014). Para obtenção da CB, o braço foi circundado com a fita, sem comprimir as partes moles, no ponto médio entre o acrômio e o olécrano.…”