Método alternativo para aplicação do coagulante natural moringa oleifera no tratamento de água

Abstract

The access to water with good quality to human consumption has been the subject of many studies which the main goal is the development of new technologies or the improvement of the existing structures used to provide water to public supply. As many technologies depends on high investments and qualified labor, the most accessible alternative to small communities or people with less purchasing is to use natural coagulants. One of them is the seed-based coagulant of Moringa oleifera. Some researches find that the protein on the seeds is the responsible by the coagulation and that the surplus material of them may compromise the water treatment. This objective of this paperwork presents a new technology of application of this coagulant. It was developed a sachet with Moringa oleifera powder seeds that releases the protein responsible for the coagulant effects of seeds. After determining the material to manufacture the sachets, 3 different levels of powder in the sachets (0,6 g, 0,8 g and 1,0 g) were tested for water clarification with synthetic turbidity, subsequently the comparison of the performance of the sachets with the liquid coagulant. Using an equipment Jar-Test, the tests consisted in the dissolution of the protein of the sachets on water with synthetic turbidity, including the unit operations of coagulation and flocculation on some tests and not in the others, finally it was made the sedimentation for 60 minutes. In the tests of clarification with the coagulation and flocculation steps, the dosages 0,8 g and 1,0 g obtained efficient results in clarification similar with the liquid coagulant. In the tests with coagulation and flocculation, we can see the efficiency of turbidity reduction of the sachets ranging from 85,5% to 97,4%, respectively to 0,6 g to 1,0 g, and considering that the liquid coagulant showed 97,9% of efficient. About the apparent color, this efficiencies were 88,7%, 97,8% and 90,0% when there was x coagulation and flocculation, and 56,1%, 91,3% and 96,3% when there wasn't. The final results found show us that when the coagulation and flocculation were used, the samples were more homogenous and presented improved values of efficiency of turbidity and apparent color reduction. Thus, it was concluded that the use of sachets is a process efficient compared with the application of Moringa oleifera coagulant as a solution.

Imobilização de moringa oleifera em alginato de sódio para o tratamento de água

“…A agitação das amostras procedeu-se com intervalos de misturas, rápida e lenta, utilizando valores que foram baseados nos trabalhos de Silva (2011) e Arantes (2014). O detalhamento dos gradientes de mistura utilizados é descrito em cada etapa de estudo.…”