Methylosoma difficile gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel methanotroph enriched by gradient cultivation from littoral sediment of Lake Constance

Rahalkar, Monali C.; Bussmann, Ingeborg; Schink, Bernhard

doi:10.1099/ijs.0.64574-0

Cited by 89 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In nitrogen-sufficient media, however, most described methanotrophs display best growth under fully oxic conditions. Two known exceptions are Methylosoma difficile and Methyloglobulus morosus (Rahalkar et al, 2007;Deutzmann et al, 2014), which were isolated from lake sediments and show optimal growth at low-oxygen tensions. These microaerophilic methanotrophs, however, could grow and form colonies on solid media though could not be maintained on these media by repeated transfers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new cell morphotype among methane oxidizers: a spiral-shaped obligately microaerophilic methanotroph from northern low-oxygen environments

et al. 2016

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Although representatives with spiral-shaped cells are described for many functional groups of bacteria, this cell morphotype has never been observed among methanotrophs. Here, we show that spiral-shaped methanotrophic bacteria do exist in nature but elude isolation by conventional approaches due to the preference for growth under micro-oxic conditions. The helical cell shape may enable rapid motility of these bacteria in water-saturated, heterogeneous environments with high microbial biofilm content, therefore offering an advantage of fast cell positioning under desired high methane/low oxygen conditions. The pmoA genes encoding a subunit of particulate methane monooxygenase from these methanotrophs form a new genus-level lineage within the family Methylococcaceae, type Ib methanotrophs. Application of a pmoA-based microarray detected these bacteria in a variety of high-latitude freshwater environments including wetlands and lake sediments. As revealed by the environmental pmoA distribution analysis, type Ib methanotrophs tend to live very near the methane source, where oxygen is scarce. The former perception of type Ib methanotrophs as being typical for thermal habitats appears to be incorrect because only a minor proportion of pmoA sequences from these bacteria originated from environments with elevated temperatures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new cell morphotype among methane oxidizers: a spiral-shaped obligately microaerophilic methanotroph from northern low-oxygen environments

et al. 2016

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“…This was consistently detected applying two different methods, DGGE and cloning. Given that altogether ten genera belong to the type I MOB [5,25,45,54,60], this points at a restricted diversity within the studied community of this group. In terms of relative abundance, representatives related to the Methylobacter genus were clearly dominant, whereas the number of representatives of the Methylosarcina genus was only marginal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Aerobic Methanotrophic Bacteria in a Permafrost Active Layer Soil of the Lena Delta, Siberia

et al. 2008

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With this study, we present first data on the diversity of aerobic methanotrophic bacteria (MOB) in an Arctic permafrost active layer soil of the Lena Delta, Siberia. Applying denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and cloning of 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) and pmoA gene fragments of active layer samples, we found a general restriction of the methanotrophic diversity to sequences closely related to the genera Methylobacter and Methylosarcina, both type I MOB. In contrast, we revealed a distinct species-level diversity. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene, two new clusters of MOB specific for the permafrost active layer soil of this study were found. In total, 8 out of 13 operational taxonomic units detected belong to these clusters. Members of these clusters were closely related to Methylobacter psychrophilus and Methylobacter tundripaludum, both isolated from Arctic environments. A dominance of MOB closely related to M. psychrophilus and M. tundripaludum was confirmed by an additional pmoA gene analysis. We used diversity indices such as the Shannon diversity index or the Chao1 richness estimator in order to compare the MOB community near the surface and near the permafrost table. We determined a similar diversity of the MOB community in both depths and suggest that it is not influenced by the extreme physical and geochemical gradients in the active layer.

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“…Both of the latter organisms are sheathed bacteria found in fresh water and well known for blocking of wells, but they have not yet been cultivated. So far, all cultivated MOB belong to the gamma and alpha subclasses of the Proteobacteria phylum, forming 14 established genera (9). The origin and evolution of biological methane oxidation is unclear, but particulate methane monooxygenase shares an evolutionary relationship with the ammonium monooxygense present in the phylogenetically much more diverse group of nitrifying prokaryotes (10,11).…”

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confidence: 99%

Methane oxidation at 55°C and pH 2 by a thermoacidophilic bacterium belonging to the Verrucomicrobia phylum

Islam

Jensen²,

Reigstad³

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

281

228

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Methanotrophic bacteria constitute a ubiquitous group of microorganisms playing an important role in the biogeochemical carbon cycle and in control of global warming through natural reduction of methane emission. These bacteria share the unique ability of using methane as a sole carbon and energy source and have been found in a great variety of habitats. Phylogenetically, known methanotrophs constitute a rather limited group and have so far only been affiliated with the Proteobacteria. Here, we report the isolation and initial characterization of a nonproteobacterial obligately methanotrophic bacterium. The isolate, designated Kam1, was recovered from an acidic hot spring in Kamchatka, Russia, and is more thermoacidophilic than any other known methanotroph, with optimal growth at Ϸ55°C and pH 3.5. Kam1 is only distantly related to all previously known methanotrophs and belongs to the Verrucomicrobia lineage of evolution. Genes for methane monooxygenases, essential for initiation of methane oxidation, could not be detected by using standard primers in PCR amplification and Southern blot analysis, suggesting the presence of a different methane oxidation enzyme. Kam1 also lacks the well developed intracellular membrane systems typical for other methanotrophs. The isolate represents a previously unrecognized biological methane sink, and, due to its unusual phylogenetic affiliation, it will shed important light on the origin, evolution, and diversity of biological methane oxidation and on the adaptation of this process to extreme habitats. Furthermore, Kam1 will add to our knowledge of the metabolic traits and biogeochemical roles of the widespread but poorly understood Verrucomicrobia phylum.extremophile ͉ methanotroph

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Methylosoma difficile gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel methanotroph enriched by gradient cultivation from littoral sediment of Lake Constance

Cited by 89 publications

References 31 publications

A new cell morphotype among methane oxidizers: a spiral-shaped obligately microaerophilic methanotroph from northern low-oxygen environments

A new cell morphotype among methane oxidizers: a spiral-shaped obligately microaerophilic methanotroph from northern low-oxygen environments

Diversity of Aerobic Methanotrophic Bacteria in a Permafrost Active Layer Soil of the Lena Delta, Siberia

Methane oxidation at 55°C and pH 2 by a thermoacidophilic bacterium belonging to the Verrucomicrobia phylum

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