Methyl Eugenol and Cue-Lure Traps for Suppression of Male Oriental Fruit Flies and Melon Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Hawaii: Effects of Lure Mixtures and Weathering

Abstract

Methyl eugenol (4-allyl-1,2-dimethoxybenzene-carboxylate) and cue-lure [4-(p-acetoxyphenyl)-2-butanone] are highly attractive kairomone lures to oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), and melon fly, B. cucurbitae (Coquillett), respectively. Plastic bucket traps were evaluated as dispensers for methyl eugenol and cue-lure for suppression of the 2 fruit flies in Hawaii. Methyl eugenol and cue-lure mixtures were compared with pure methyl eugenol or cue-lure over 4 seasons. B. dorsalis captures differed significantly with treatment and season. B. dorsalis captures with 100% methyl-eugenol were significantly greater than all other treatments (25, 50, and 75%). B. cucurbitae captures also differed significantly with treatment but not with season. Captures with 100, 75, and 50% cue-lure were not significantly different. Bucket traps baited with cue-lure (+ malathion) and weathered under Hawaiian climatic conditions were attractive to B. cucurbitae up to 8 wk. Two methyl eugenol dispensers (canec disks and Min-U-Gel) were compared with bucket traps. Dispensers (methyl eugenol + malathion) were weathered for 2-16 wk under Hawaiian climatic conditions and bioassayed during summer and winter. Initially, captures of B. dorsalis were not significantly different for the 3 dispensers. Bucket traps and canec disks were most resistant to weather, remaining attractive to B. dorsalis flies up to 16 wk. Min-U-Gel was least resistant, losing attractiveness to B. dorsalis flies within 2 wk. On the basis of performance, bucket traps and canec disks were equally long-lived up to 14 wk; thereafter, bucket traps were slightly more attractive during winter. Canec disks were cheapest, but on the basis of possible environmental concerns, bucket traps may be the best all-around choice for areawide suppression of fruit flies.

Bioactivity of Peumus boldus Molina, Laurelia sempervirens (Ruiz & Pav.) Tul. and Laureliopsis philippiana (Looser) Schodde (Monimiacea) essential oils against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky

“…About insecticidal activity of identified compounds Huang et al (2002) indicated that safrole and methyleugenol have insecticidal properties against S. zeamais and Tribolium castaneum and according to ObengOferi and Reichmuth (1997) this compound also affects S. granarius, S. zemais, T. castaneum, and Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae). Safrole has been considered as an attractive kairomone of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Vargas et al, 2000;Shelly and Edu, 2008) and B. cucurbitae (Coquillet) (Vargas et al, 2000) and antifeedant against Pieris rapae (Yano and Kamimura, 1993). In the case of 1,8-cineol, Lee et al (2004) mentioned this component as a potential fumigant against stored grain pests.…”

Response of Melon Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) to Weathered SPLAT-Spinosad-Cue-Lure

“…Previously when testing liquid ME and C-L mixed together in varying proportions on the same wicks, Vargas et al (2000) found that reducing the proportions of C-L incorporated into the wick did not reduce B. cucurbitae captures, whereas reducing proportion of ME incorporated into the wick reduced the captures of B. dorsalis over time. In the Tahiti tests, the new Mallet MC dispensers used in a single trap performed as well as two individual traps with separate Mallet C-L wafers or the standard liquid C-L or ME + malathion on wicks, but the Mallet MC wafer did not perform as well as the Mallet ME wafer.…”

Agroecological management of cucurbit-infesting fruit fly: a review

“…Sexual trapping is used in many parts of the world to assess fly population trends (surveillance trapping) with the aim of reducing numbers through mass trapping (Vargas et al 2000a). Until 2010, in Réunion, traps were used containing both a parapheromone to attract adult males (Cue-lure) and an insecticide (diclorvos) killing adults upon entry into the trap.…”