Methods of Measurement and Evaluation of Eye, Head and Shoulders Position in Neurological Practice

Kutílek, Patrik; Hozman, Jiřı́; Černý, Rudolf; Hejda, Jan

doi:10.5772/31378

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…To ensure that vertical deviations did not arise from the patient scanning the scene looking for a visual feature to track, only the smooth phases of horizontal tracking were considered—periods in which saccades occurred were excluded. VPN was considered to be present if the amplitude of vertical oscillations in the 2–6 Hz range ( 20 , 21 ) exceeded 0.5° in one eye ( 22 , 23 ), or differed between eyes by more than 0.1°.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is due in part to the difficulty of repeatedly measuring ocular motor function in affected patients. In a clinical setting, examination is limited to qualitative observation and clinical judgment ( 18 , 19 ); vertical and horizontal components of pendular nystagmus have previously been evaluated with electrooculography and video-based analysis ( 11 , 20 ), but the condition has not previously been described prospectively. In a research setting, eye-tracking methods to quantify gaze and eye movements are difficult to calibrate accurately, expensive to implement, and require a technical team to administer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longitudinal Quantification of Eye-Movement Impairments after Pontine Hemorrhage

et al. 2017

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IntroductionWe report a case of hypertrophic olivary degeneration due to pontine hemorrhage. A 59-year-old male with untreated hypertension suffered a primary pontine hemorrhage, which caused horizontal eye-movement limitation. Progressive neurological deterioration with involuntary eye and palatal movements began months after hemorrhage. This was accompanied by magnetic resonance imaging evidence of hypertrophic olivary degeneration at 4.5 months.BackgroundPrimary pontine hemorrhage often leads to impairment of eye movements and diplopia. Hypertrophic olivary degeneration can also emerge months after hemorrhage, producing involuntary pendular eye movements. Neither the natural history of voluntary eye movements nor the emergence of involuntary eye movements after pontine hemorrhage has been previously quantified.MethodsWe used an optokinetic task that enabled measurement of eye movements. It provided real-time feedback on the ability to track continuously and saccade quickly in a pursuit task. The feedback motivated the patient to use the system repeatedly in his home. From 3 months after hemorrhage, the patient used the system for 9 months, allowing us to quantify changes in his eye movements.ResultsHorizontal gaze impairments were manifest in our task as limitation in horizontal range of motion, as well as delay in initiation of the right eye’s movement during left-to-right pursuit. Improvement in these impairments was measured over the course of months 3–7 post hemorrhage. In addition, the emergence of vertical pendular nystagmus was identified in the subject at 4 months. Analysis of the eye-movement records revealed presymptomatic oscillatory eye movements whose amplitude had grown steadily over the course of 3 weeks, prior to a sharp increase in amplitude that coincided with the patient’s first report of oscillopsia. Horizontal pendular nystagmus emerged 7.4 months after the hemorrhage, primarily in the left eye.ConclusionAn eye-tracking system deployed in a patient’s home enabled prospective longitudinal quantification of the natural history and improvement in voluntary eye-movement impairments after pontine hemorrhage. It also characterized prospectively for the first time, the emergence of involuntary eye movements resulting from the rare complication of hypertrophic olivary degeneration. Results suggest that brief weekly measurements with an eye-tracker may allow early detection of this complication.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Quantification of Eye-Movement Impairments after Pontine Hemorrhage

et al. 2017

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“…The markers are placed in accordance with the Frankfort horizontal, see Fig. 1, for measuring angular movements [3]. Active markers were placed on the following anatomical points: the left and right tragus and the left and right outer eye canthus, Fig.…”

Section: Motion Capture Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients with vestibular deficits often show instability during stance tasks. Making the stance task more difficult by removing visual inputs has been claimed as a means for identifying a vestibular deficit [2,3]. MoCap systems were used for 3-D high-accuracy measurements of human body segments, instead of widely-used force platforms for studying the centre of pressure (CoP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sensing units (in the case of the inertial system) or markers (in the case of the camera system) were used to measure the pitch, roll and yaw of the segments. The techniques were introduced to quantify the movements of segments in both anterior-posterior and medial-lateral directions during stance [3,4]. Measurements of head angular movements during stance can detect changes in postural stability [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Measurements of Head Angular Movements Using a Camera System and a Gyroscope System

et al. 2014

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Assessments of body-segment angular movements are very important in the rehabilitation process. Head angular movements are measured and analyzed for use in studies of stability and posture. However, there is no methodology for assessing angular movements of the head, and it has not been verified whether data measured by fundamentally different MoCap systems will lead to the same results. In this study, we used a camera system and a 3DOF orientation tracker placed on the subject’s head, and measured inclination (roll) and flexion (pitch) during quiet stance. The total length and the mean velocity of the traces of the pitch versus roll plots were used to measure and analyze head orientation. Using these methods, we are able to model the distribution of the measured 2D data, and to evaluate stability and posture. The results show that the total lengths and the mean velocities related to the 3DOF orientation tracker do not differ significantly from the total lengths and the mean velocities of traces related to the IR medical camera. We also found that the systems are not interchangeable, and that the same type of system must be used each time. The designed methods can be used for studies not only of head movements but also of movements of other segments of the human body, and can be used to compare other types of MoCap systems, depending on the requirements for a specific rehabilitation examination.

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Comparative Measurement of the Head Orientation Using Camera System and Gyroscope System

et al. 2014

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Methods of Measurement and Evaluation of Eye, Head and Shoulders Position in Neurological Practice

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Longitudinal Quantification of Eye-Movement Impairments after Pontine Hemorrhage

Longitudinal Quantification of Eye-Movement Impairments after Pontine Hemorrhage

Comparative Measurements of Head Angular Movements Using a Camera System and a Gyroscope System

Comparative Measurement of the Head Orientation Using Camera System and Gyroscope System

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